Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika dalam Materi Operasi Hitung pada Kelas VI UPTD SD Negeri Riominsi Flores

Sina, Maria Christy Emanuela (2022) Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika dalam Materi Operasi Hitung pada Kelas VI UPTD SD Negeri Riominsi Flores. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Operasi hitung merupakan salah satu konsep dasar yang harus dikuasai oleh siswa sekolah dasar. Namun kenyataannya siswa kelas VI UPTD SDN Riominsi Flores masih mengalami kesulitan pada materi tersebut. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kesulitan subyek penelitian dan mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi subyek penelitian di kelas VI SDN Riominsi Flores mengalami kesulitan dalam mengerjakan operasi hitung bilangan bulat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif (mix method) dengan desain penelitian sequential explanatory design. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes dan wawancara. Tahapan pertama adalah mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data kuantitaif. Sebanyak 14 siswa kelas VI UPTD SDN Riominsi Flores diberikan tes operasi hitung kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Tahap kedua adalah mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data kualititaif. Sebanyak 6 siswa sebagai subyek penelitian dan guru matematika akan diwawancarai mengenai kesulitan dalam tes operasi hitung dan faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan dalam mengerjakan operasi hitung. Data kualitatif dianalisis dengan cara triangulasi metode dan sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan data kuantitatif terdapat kesulitan yang dialami siswa kelas VI UPTD SDN Riominsi Flores yaitu kesulitan fakta sebesar 64%, kesulitan konsep sebesar 61%, kesulitan prinsip sebesar 64%, dan kesulitan operasi sebesar 67%. Berdasarkan data kualitatif dari subyek penelitian diperoleh bahwa siswa kelompok nilai tinggi, sedang, dan rendah mengalami keempat jenis kesulitan ini yaitu kesulitan fakta, kesulitan konsep, kesulitan prinsip, dan kesulitan operasi. Akan tetapi siswa kelompok tinggi hanya mengalami kesulitan fakta 50% dan selebihnya tidak ada kesulitan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kesulitan belajar yaitu rendahnya kesehatan siswa, rendahnya minat siswa, kurangnya motivasi siswa, kurangnya konsentrasi siswa, kebiasaan belajar siswa, rendahnya kemampuan intelektual siswa, lingkungan keluarga yang kurang mendukung pembelajaran siswa, hubungan siswa dan guru yang kurang, metode mengajar guru yang membuat siswa jenuh, tidak adanya media elektronik untuk mendukung kemampuan siswa, dan kurangnya sarana prasarana sekolah. Kata Kunci: Kesulitan Belajar Matematika, Operasi Hitung, Fakta, Konsep, Operasi, Prinsip./ Counting operations are one of the basic concepts that must be mastered by elementary school students. But in fact, class VI uptd students of SDN Riominsi Flores are still having difficulties with the material. Therefore, this study aims to identify the difficulties of the research subjects and find out the factors that influence the research subjects in class VI of SDN Riominsi Flores have difficulty in working on integer calculation operations. This research uses quantitative and qualitative approaches (mix method) with sequential explanatory design research design. The data collection methods used are tests and interviews. The first stage is to collect and analyze quantifiable data. A total of 14 students of class VI UPTD SDN Riominsi Flores were given a counting operation test and then analyzed descriptively. The second stage is to collect and analyze quality data. A total of 6 students as research subjects and mathematics teachers will be interviewed regarding the difficulty in the counting operation test and the factors that affect the difficulty in doing the counting operation. Qualitative data are analyzed by means of triangulation of methods and sources. The results showed that based on quantitative data, there were difficulties experienced by class VI students of UPTD SDN Riominsi Flores, namely fact difficulty of 64%, concept difficulty of 61%, principle difficulty of 64%, and difficulty of operation of 67%. Based on qualitative data from the research subjects, it was obtained that students of high, medium, and low value groups experienced these four types of difficulties, namely fact difficulty, concept difficulty, principle difficulty, and operation difficulty. However, high-group students only have 50% difficulty and the rest have no difficulty. Factors that affect learning difficulties are low student health, low student interest, lack of student motivation, lack of student concentration, student learning habits, low intellectual ability of students, family environment that is less supportive of student learning, lack of student and teacher relationships, teacher teaching methods that make students saturated, absence of electronic media to support students' abilities, and lack of school infrastructure. Keywords: Difficulty Learning Mathematics, Calculation Operations, Facts, Concepts, Operations, Principles

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