KONSTRUKSI CITRA JENNIE KIM SEBAGAI AKTOR NON-NEGARA DALAM PRAKTIK DIPLOMASI BUDAYA KOREA SELATAN

Buulolo, Kiki Damayanti (2026) KONSTRUKSI CITRA JENNIE KIM SEBAGAI AKTOR NON-NEGARA DALAM PRAKTIK DIPLOMASI BUDAYA KOREA SELATAN. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji konstruksi citra Jennie Kim sebagai aktor non-negara dalam diplomasi budaya Korea Selatan pada periode 2016–2025. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari fenomena Korean Wave (Hallyu) yang telah berkembang menjadi instrumen diplomasi budaya Korea Selatan melalui keterlibatan aktor non-negara, khususnya idol K-pop. Rumusan masalah penelitian berfokus pada bagaimana konstruksi citra Jennie Kim dikembangkan sebagai aktor non-negara dalam diplomasi budaya Korea Selatan, dengan tujuan menganalisis mekanisme pembentukan citra tersebut beserta kontribusinya terhadap penguatan citra Korea Selatan di tingkat internasional. Penelitian ini berlandaskan tiga konsep utama, yaitu diplomasi budaya sebagai upaya negara menyebarkan nilai dan identitas melalui jalur non-formal; aktor non-negara sebagai entitas di luar struktur formal negara yang memiliki pengaruh internasional; serta celebrity capital (Driessens, 2013) sebagai bentuk kapital simbolik yang dapat dikonversi menjadi pengaruh multisektoral. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan studi kasus tunggal. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan, analisis dokumen, media digital, dan laporan industri. Validasi dilakukan melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa konstruksi citra Jennie Kim terbentuk melalui empat mekanisme: (1) konstruksi identitas sistematis melalui trainee system YG Entertainment; (2) akumulasi celebrity capital yang mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi brand Korea, seperti Gentle Monster yang tumbuh dari 203 miliar menjadi 615 miliar won; (3) representasi aktif dalam ruang budaya global bergengsi seperti Coachella 2023 dan Paris Fashion Week; serta (4) infrastruktur media digital dengan hampir 87 juta pengikut Instagram. Penelitian merekomendasikan pengembangan model diplomasi budaya yang lebih distributif dan berbasis data dampak untuk memperkuat keberlanjutan ekosistem Korean Wave./This study examines the image construction of Jennie Kim as a non-state actor in South Korea's cultural diplomacy during the period 2016–2025. The background of this research departs from the phenomenon of the Korean Wave (Hallyu), which has evolved into an instrument of South Korean cultural diplomacy through the involvement of non-state actors, particularly K-pop idols. The research question focuses on how Jennie Kim's image is constructed as a non-state actor in South Korean cultural diplomacy, with the aim of analysing the mechanisms underlying that construction and its contribution to strengthening South Korea's image at the international level. This research is grounded in three key concepts: cultural diplomacy as a state's effort to disseminate values and identity through informal channels; non-state actors as entities outside the formal state structure that exert international influence; and celebrity capital (Driessens, 2013) as a form of symbolic capital convertible into multisectoral influence. A qualitative descriptive-analytical method with a single case study approach was employed. Data were collected through library research, document analysis, digital media, and industry reports, and validated through source triangulation. The findings reveal that Jennie Kim's image construction is formed through four mechanisms: (1) systematic identity construction via YG Entertainment's trainee system; (2) the accumulation of celebrity capital that drives Korean brand economic growth, with Gentle Monster's revenue growing from KRW 203 billion to KRW 615 billion; (3) active representation in prestigious global cultural spaces including Coachella 2023 and Paris Fashion Week; and (4) a digital media infrastructure of nearly 87 million Instagram followers. The study recommends developing a more distributive, data-driven cultural diplomacy model to strengthen the long-term sustainability of the Korean Wave ecosystem

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