Implementasi Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Jaminan Sosial dan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja antara Perusahaan dengan Awak Kapal pada Perusahaan Pelayaran di Indonesia

Silam, Veby Senopati (2023) Implementasi Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Jaminan Sosial dan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja antara Perusahaan dengan Awak Kapal pada Perusahaan Pelayaran di Indonesia. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memberikan suatu gambaran penerapan perlindungan hukum atas jaminan sosial dan pemutusan hubungan kerja antara perusahaan dengan awak kapal pada perusahaan pelayaran di Indonesia. Adapun metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, yaitu penelitian law in book atau studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan melalui peraturan perundang-undangan (statute approach atau legislation regulation approach), konseptual (conceptual approach), sejarah (historical approach), dan sistem (system approach). Relevansi dalam penelitian ini menitik beratkan pada para tenaga kerja atau pelaut perlu mendapatkan perlindungan dan jaminan social yang berupa kontrak kerja yang dapat menjamin keselamatan mereka, khususnya untuk para pekerja diatas kapal harus mendapatkan jaminan kesehatan. Pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam Perjanjian Kerja Laut adalah calon pelaut, nakhoda, awak kapal, dan semua yang masuk dalam kapal. Dalam pengoperasian kapal laut, ditegaskan bahwa kapal harus dalam keadaan laik laut dan diwakili oleh sejumlah awak kapal yang telah memenuhi persyaratan untuk berlayar. Analisis dan pembahasan menunjukkan Penerapan hukum terhadap jaminan sosial awak kapal dimana bentuk pertanggungjawaban Perusahaan dalam pemenuhan Hak-Hak tenaga kerja yang di PHK secara sepihak oleh perusahaan yaitu dapat berupa pembayaran pesangon, penghargaan masa kerja terhadap karyawan sesuai dengan jumlah yang telah ditetapkan oleh undang-undang serta pengantian hak lainnya sesuai dengan perundang-undangan dan perjanjian yang telah disepakati dalam kontrak perjanjian antara tenaga kerja dengan perusahaan. Menurut Penulis, dalam kasus diatas perhitungan uang pesangon dan uang penghargaan masa kerja yang dibayarkan oleh perusahaan kepada tenaga kerja telah sesuai dengan undang-undang yang berlaku. Pertanggungjawaban perusahaan sangat penting bagi tenaga kerja yang mengalami pemutusan hubungan kerja. Perlindungan hukum terhadap pemutusan hubungan kerja karyawan awak kapal dimana Perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja laut dalam pemutusan hubungan kerja terdapat dalam beberapa aturan baik itu dalam kancah nasional maupun internasional. Pada intinya apabila pekerja mendapat pemutusan hubungan kerja maka berhak mendapatkan uang pesangon, uang penghargaan masa kerja, dan uang penggantian hak yang meliputi cuti tahunan yang belum diambil dan belum gugur, biaya ongkos pulang untuk pekerja / buruh dan keluarganya, penggantian perumahan serta pengobatan dan perawatan yang ditetapkan sebesar 15% dari uang pesangon dan atau uang penghargaan masa kerja, hal-hal lain yang ditetapkan dalam perjanjian kerja, peraturan perusahaan atau perjanjian kerja bersama. Salah satu perlindungan hukum bagi pekerja / buruh yaitu perlindungan atas hak pemutusan hubungan kerja, pekerja / buruh berhak untuk mendapatkan kompensasi dari pengusaha jika terjadi PHK, kompensasi terdiri atas uang pesangon, uang penghargaan masa kerja, dan uang pengganti hak. Pengaturan mengenai kompensasi melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 tentang Cipta Kerja dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2021 tentang Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu, Alih Daya, Waktu Kerja dan Waktu Istirahat, dan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja. Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Jaminan Sosial, Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja, Awak Kapal, Perusahaan Pelayaran. / The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the application of legal protection of social security and termination of employment between companies and crew members in shipping companies in Indonesia. The method in this research uses normative juridical method, namely law in book research or literature study with an approach through legislation (statute approach or legislation regulation approach), conceptual (conceptual approach), history (historical approach), and system (system approach). The relevance of this research focuses on the laborers or seafarers need to get protection and social security in the form of a work contract that can guarantee their safety, especially for workers on the ship must get health insurance. The parties involved in the sea work agreement are prospective seafarers, skippers, crew members, and all those who enter the ship. In the operation of sea vessels, it is emphasized that the ship must be in a seaworthy condition and represented by a number of crew members who have met the requirements to sail. Analysis and discussion shows the application of law to the social security of shipping company employees where the form of the Company's responsibility in fulfilling the rights of workers who are unilaterally terminated by the company can be in the form of severance pay, long service awards to employees in accordance with the amount stipulated by law and other rights replacement in accordance with the legislation and agreements that have been agreed upon in the contract agreement between the workforce and the company. According to the author, in the case above, the calculation of severance pay and long service pay paid by the company to workers is in accordance with applicable laws. Company responsibility is very important for workers who experience termination of employment. Legal protection against termination of employment of shipping company employees where legal protection of marine workers in termination of employment is contained in several regulations both in the national and international arena. In essence, if workers receive termination of employment, they are entitled to severance pay, long service award money, and compensation money which includes annual leave that has not been taken and has not been canceled, the cost of returning costs for workers / laborers and their families, housing replacement and treatment and treatment which is set at 15% of severance pay and / or long service award money, other matters stipulated in the work agreement, company regulations or collective labor agreement. One of the legal protections for workers/laborers is protection of the right to termination of employment, workers/laborers are entitled to compensation from employers in the event of termination of employment, compensation consists of severance pay, long service pay, and compensation for rights. Regulations regarding compensation in Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation and regulated in Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 concerning Certain Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment. Keywords: Legal Protection, Social Security, Termination of Employment, Ship's Crew, Shipping Company.

Item Type: Thesis (S2)
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorWidiarty, Wiwik SriNIDN0327096504UNSPECIFIED
Thesis advisorTobing, Gindo EdwardNIDN8931720021UNSPECIFIED
Subjects: LAW
EDUCATION > Education (General) > Directories of educational institutions
Divisions: PROGRAM PASCASARJANA > Magister Ilmu Hukum
Depositing User: Users 4006 not found.
Date Deposited: 29 Nov 2023 12:47
Last Modified: 29 Nov 2023 12:47
URI: http://repository.uki.ac.id/id/eprint/12930

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