Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Pekerja Atas Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Akibat Kepailitan Perusahaan Menurut Undang-Undang Kepailitan Dan Cipta Kerja

Simare Mare, Rafael Billsasar Hasiholan (2026) Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Pekerja Atas Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Akibat Kepailitan Perusahaan Menurut Undang-Undang Kepailitan Dan Cipta Kerja. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Perlindungan hukum terhadap hak pekerja yang mengalami pemutusan hubungan kerja akibat kepailitan perusahaan merupakan isu penting dalam hukum ketenagakerjaan karena menyangkut jaminan atas hak-hak pekerja yang masih terutang. Kepailitan tidak hanya mengakhiri hubungan kerja, tetapi juga menimbulkan permasalahan mengenai pembayaran upah, uang pesangon, uang penghargaan masa kerja, dan hak normatif lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaturan dan pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja yang terkena PHK akibat kepailitan perusahaan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan PKPU serta Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 tentang Cipta Kerja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, menggunakan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum Indonesia telah memberikan perlindungan kepada pekerja melalui pengakuan kedudukannya sebagai kreditor preferen dan melalui Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 67/PUU-XI/2013 yang menempatkan upah pekerja sebagai tagihan yang harus didahulukan pembayarannya. Namun, pelaksanaannya masih menghadapi hambatan berupa keterbatasan aset pailit, konflik norma, dan lemahnya posisi pekerja dalam proses pemberesan harta pailit. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan harmonisasi regulasi dan penguatan perlindungan hukum guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan keadilan bagi pekerja. Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Pekerja, Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja, Kepailitan, Kreditor Preferen. / Legal protection for the rights of workers who experience termination of employment due to company bankruptcy is a crucial issue in labor law because it concerns guarantees for outstanding workers' rights. Bankruptcy not only terminates the employment relationship but also raises issues regarding the payment of wages, severance pay, long-service bonuses, and other normative rights. This study aims to analyze the regulation and implementation of legal protection for workers laid off due to company bankruptcy based on Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU (Sub-District Debt Suspension) and Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning Job Creation. The research method used is normative legal research with a regulatory and conceptual approach, utilizing secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results show that Indonesian law provides protection for workers through the recognition of their status as preferred creditors and through Constitutional Court Decision Number 67/PUU-XI/2013, which places workers' wages as a priority claim for payment. However, its implementation still faces obstacles in the form of limited bankruptcy assets, conflicting norms, and the weak position of workers in the bankruptcy estate settlement process. Therefore, regulatory harmonization and strengthening of legal protection are needed to ensure legal certainty and justice for workers. Keywords: Legal Protection, Workers, Termination of Employment, Bankruptcy, Preferred Creditors.

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