Hubungan Sosial Ekonomi Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Di Desa Sukahayu Kecamatan Rancakalong Kabupaten Sumedang Tahun 2022

Siregar, Landro Tua Tonapa (2022) Hubungan Sosial Ekonomi Ibu Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Di Desa Sukahayu Kecamatan Rancakalong Kabupaten Sumedang Tahun 2022. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Berdasarkan panduan WHO, keadaan stunting adalah masalah tumbuh kembang anak dengan kurang gizi, infeksi yang terjadi berulang-ulang dan psikososial yang terstimulasi tidak memadai. Stunting dapat berakibat fatal pada tinggi badan anak dan perkembagan kognitif, motorik dan verbal anak. Keadaan ini mempengaruhi kehidupan anaknya seperti performa belajar dan prestasi anak menurun di masa sekolah. Anak balita dikelompokkan stunting jika nilai Z score-nya < -2 SD (stunted) dan < – 3 SD (severely stunted). Faktor sosial ekonomi dapat menjadi pemicu terjadinya stunting pada anak. Sayangnya, kondisi sosial ekonomi ditentukan oleh latar belakang pendidikan ayah-ibu/wali, tingkat pemahaman gizi yang dimiliki ibu, taraf penghasilan-pendapatan keluarga, pekerjaan yang dimiliki oleh orang tua dan banyaknya anggota didalam keluarga. Desa Sukahayu merupakan salah satu desa dari 10 desa dengan kasus stunting terbanyak di Kabupaten Sumedang. Menurut hasil penelitian Khodijah dan Sari (2018), desa Sukahayu kecamatan Rancakalong mengalami stunted sebanyak 66,7%. Hal ini menjadi masalah yang penting untuk diperbaiki mengingat prevalensi tersebut jauh diatas target MDGs dengan standar stunting dibawah 15,5%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari adakah hubungan antara variabel sosial ekonomi ibu dengan kejadian stunting di desa Sukahayu kecamatan Rancakalong kabupaten Sumedang tahun 2022. Penelitian ringkas ini berdesain cross sectional analitik dengan observasi. Terkumpul 146 data ibu yang anaknya < 5 tahun di desa Sukahayu. Ditemukan 34,24% (50 anak) yang mengalami stunting. Hasil analisis dengan uji chi square didapatkan bahwa tidak ada asosiasi bermakna antara pendidikan terakhir ibu (p= 0.917), jumlah keluarga (p= 0.8), pekerjaan ibu (p= 0.264), dan pendapatan keluarga (p= 0.537) dengan kejadian stunting. Kesimpulannya faktor sosial ekonomi ibu tidak mempengaruhi kejadian stunting di desa Sukahayu./ According to WHO guidelines, stunting condition is a growth and development problem in children with malnutrition, repeated infections and psychosocial which insufficiently stimulated. Stunting can be fatal to a child's height and cognitive, motor and verbal development. This situation affects their children's lives such as their learning performance and children's achievement declines during school. Children under five are classified as stunted if their Z score is < -2 SD (stunted) and < -3 SD (severely stunted). Socio-economic factors can trigger stunting in children. Unfortunately, Socio-economic condition determined by the educational background of parent/ guardian, the knowledge level of nutrition which has by mother, the family income level, the occupation which have by parents and the number of members in family. Sukahayu village is one of the 10 villages with the most stunting cases in Sumedang regency. According to the results of research by Khodijah and Sari (2018), Sukahayu village, Rancakalong sub-district experienced stunted as much as 66.7%. This is an important problem to be fixed considering that the prevalence is far above the MDGs target with stunting standards below 15.5%. The purpose of this research was to looking for a relationship between mothers’s socioeconomic variables and the incidence of stunting in Sukahayu village, Rancakalong sub-district, Sumedang district in 2022. This brief study is an analytical cross sectional design with observation. Collected data on 146 mothers whose children are < 5 years old in Sukahayu village. It was found that 34.24% (50 children) were stunted.. The results of the analysis with the chi square test found that there was no significant relationship between the mother's last education (p= 0.917), number of families (p= 0.8), mother's occupation (p= 0.264), and family income (p= 0.537). The conclusion in this study is that maternal socio-economic factors such as the mother's last education, number of families, mother's occupation and family income do not affect the incidence of stunting in Sukahayu village.

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