TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KEPASTIAN HUKUM DALAM SENGKETA PENGELOLAAN WAKAF RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM FATIMAH CILACAP

Sofyan, Achmad (2026) TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KEPASTIAN HUKUM DALAM SENGKETA PENGELOLAAN WAKAF RUMAH SAKIT ISLAM FATIMAH CILACAP. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan hukum mengenai pengelolaan harta benda wakaf berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia serta menganalisis kepastian hukum terhadap status dan kewenangan pengelolaan Wakaf Rumah Sakit Islam Fatimah Cilacap dalam penyelesaian sengketa yang terjadi. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, kasus, dan historis. Bahan hukum terdiri atas bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui penafsiran hukum dan silogisme hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan wakaf di Indonesia telah diatur melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf, Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria, Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 42 Tahun 2006, serta Peraturan Menteri ATR/BPN Nomor 2 Tahun 2017. Namun, implementasinya masih menghadapi berbagai persoalan berupa ketidakjelasan batas kewenangan nazhir, lemahnya administrasi wakaf, dan belum sinkronnya pengaturan mengenai hubungan hukum antara aset wakaf dan badan hukum pengelola rumah sakit. Sengketa pengelolaan Wakaf Rumah Sakit Islam Fatimah Cilacap menunjukkan adanya ketidakpastian hukum akibat dualisme bahkan trilisme kepengurusan yayasan, tumpang tindih kewenangan, serta perbedaan penafsiran terhadap legalitas pengelolaan aset wakaf. Berdasarkan Teori Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman dan Teori Kepastian Hukum Gustav Radbruch, penyelesaian sengketa memerlukan harmonisasi regulasi, penguatan kelembagaan nazhir, peningkatan pengawasan oleh Badan Wakaf Indonesia dan instansi terkait, serta penyempurnaan administrasi pertanahan agar tercipta kepastian hukum, perlindungan aset wakaf, dan keberlanjutan pelayanan publik./This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing waqf property management under Indonesian legislation and to examine legal certainty regarding the status and authority of the management of the Waqf of Fatimah Islamic Hospital, Cilacap, in resolving the existing legal dispute. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, case, and historical approaches. The legal materials consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources, which are analyzed qualitatively through legal interpretation and legal syllogism. The findings indicate that waqf management in Indonesia is regulated under Law Number 41 of 2004 on Waqf, Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles, Government Regulation Number 42 of 2006, and Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency Regulation Number 2 of 2017. Nevertheless, their implementation continues to encounter significant challenges, including unclear limitations on the authority of nazhir, weak waqf administration, and the absence of harmonized regulations governing the legal relationship between waqf assets and legal entities managing hospitals. The dispute involving Fatimah Islamic Hospital demonstrates legal uncertainty arising from dual and even multiple foundation management structures, overlapping authority, and differing interpretations regarding the legality of waqf asset management. Based on Lawrence M. Friedman's Legal System Theory and Gustav Radbruch's Theory of Legal Certainty, resolving such disputes requires regulatory harmonization, strengthening the institutional capacity of nazhir, improving supervision by the Indonesian Waqf Board and related authorities, and enhancing land administration to ensure legal certainty, protection of waqf assets, and the sustainability of public health services.

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