Implikasi Yuridis Tindak Pidana Korupsi Terhadap Keberlakuan dan Pemulihan Kontrak Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah di Indonesia

Listiyanto, Apri (2026) Implikasi Yuridis Tindak Pidana Korupsi Terhadap Keberlakuan dan Pemulihan Kontrak Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah di Indonesia. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tindak pidana korupsi dalam Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah merupakan permasalahan hukum yang memiliki implikasi luas, tidak hanya dalam ranah hukum pidana, tetapi juga terhadap keberlakuan dan pemulihan kontrak pengadaan sebagai instrumen pelayanan publik. Kontrak pengadaan yang tercemar tindak pidana korupsi menimbulkan persoalan yuridis terkait status keabsahannya, kepastian hukum bagi para pihak, serta mekanisme pemulihan kerugian keuangan negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsekuensi hukum terhadap kontrak yang timbul dari proses Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah yang di dalamnya terdapat tindak pidana korupsi, serta mengkaji skema pemulihan kontrak pengadaan yang tercemar korupsi dalam perspektif hukum positif Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan sistematis, dengan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan tindak pidana korupsi tidak serta-merta menyebabkan kontrak pengadaan menjadi batal demi hukum. Status keberlakuan kontrak harus dianalisis secara kontekstual berdasarkan keterkaitan antara perbuatan korupsi dan substansi kontrak, serta peran dan itikad para pihak. Kontrak pengadaan dapat dinyatakan batal demi hukum apabila tindak pidana korupsi melekat secara langsung pada proses pembentukan kontrak, dapat dibatalkan apabila terdapat cacat kewenangan atau kehendak, atau tetap berlaku apabila pelaksanaan kontrak memberikan manfaat nyata bagi kepentingan publik dan penyedia beritikad baik. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa pemulihan kontrak pengadaan yang tercemar tindak pidana korupsi dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai skema, antara lain pembatalan atau pemutusan kontrak, koreksi administratif, penyesuaian nilai kontrak, pengenaan tanggung jawab perdata, serta pengembalian kerugian negara melalui mekanisme hukum pidana. Pemulihan kontrak harus dilaksanakan secara terintegrasi dengan mengedepankan prinsip kepastian hukum, keadilan, proporsionalitas, dan perlindungan kepentingan publik. Kata kunci: tindak pidana korupsi, pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah, kontrak pengadaan/ Corruption offenses in Government Procurement of Goods and Services constitute a legal issue with broad implications, not only within the scope of criminal law but also affecting the validity and recovery of procurement contracts as instruments of public service. Procurement contracts tainted by corruption raise complex legal questions regarding their validity, legal certainty for the contracting parties, and mechanisms for restoring state financial losses. This research aims to analyze the legal consequences of contracts arising from government procurement processes that involve corruption offenses, as well as to examine the schemes for recovering procurement contracts affected by corruption within the framework of Indonesian positive law. This study employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and systematic approaches, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that the existence of corruption offenses does not automatically render procurement contracts null and void. The legal status of such contracts must be assessed contextually, taking into account the connection between the corrupt act and the substance of the contract, as well as the roles and good faith of the parties involved. A procurement contract may be declared null and void if the corruption is directly embedded in the contract formation process, voidable if there is a defect in authority or consent, or remain valid if its performance provides tangible benefits to the public interest and the supplier acts in good faith. Furthermore, this research reveals that the recovery of procurement contracts tainted by corruption may be conducted through various schemes, including contract cancellation or termination, administrative corrections, contract value adjustments, civil liability claims, and restitution of state losses through criminal law mechanisms. Contract recovery must be carried out in an integrated manner by upholding the principles of legal certainty, justice, proportionality, and protection of the public interest. Keywords: corruption offense, government procurement, procurement contract

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