POLITIK HUKUM PERATURAN PRESIDEN NOMOR 44 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG SISTEM SERTIFIKASI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT BERKELANJUTAN INDONESIA (INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE PALM OIL-ISPO) DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PERKEBUNAN SAWIT DI INDONESIA

Siagian, Ian P. (2025) POLITIK HUKUM PERATURAN PRESIDEN NOMOR 44 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG SISTEM SERTIFIKASI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT BERKELANJUTAN INDONESIA (INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE PALM OIL-ISPO) DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PERKEBUNAN SAWIT DI INDONESIA. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Judul: POLITIK HUKUM SERTIFIKASI ISPO (INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE PALM OIL-ISPO) DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI INDONESIA Penelitian ini membahas politik hukum dalam pembentukan dan implementasi Peraturan Presiden Nomor 44 Tahun 2020 tentang Sistem Sertifikasi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan Indonesia - (ISPO), sebagai upaya pemerintah untuk menata regulasi sektor kelapa sawit yang berkelanjutan. Lahirnya Perpres ini merupakan penguatan dari regulasi sebelumnya yang hanya bersifat sektoral dan tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum yang mengikat secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis landasan filosofis, yuridis, dan sosiologis dari regulasi tersebut serta menilai politik hukum yang mendasari penyusunan dan pelaksanaannya. Fokus utama diarahkan pada efektivitas ISPO dalam menjawab persoalan legalitas lahan, penguatan tata kelola kelembagaan, tanggung jawab sosial, dan daya saing di pasar global yang semakin menuntut keberlanjutan dan perlindungan HAM. Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, dengan pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach), menggunakan data sekunder berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur hukum Analisis dilakukan secara normatif kualitatif berdasarkan teori kepastian hukum, sistem hukum, tanggung jawab hukum, serta Stufenbau Theory untuk mengkaji hierarki dan kedudukan hukum dari regulasi ISPO. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa meskipun Perpres No. 44 Tahun 2020 memberikan legitimasi hukum yang lebih kuat bagi ISPO, implementasinya masih menghadapi hambatan substansial di tingkat lapangan, khususnya bagi pekebun swadaya yang kesulitan memenuhi syarat legalitas dan pembiayaan sertifikasi. Secara teoritis, penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan kajian hukum agraria dan hukum pembangunan berkelanjutan. Sementara itu secara praktis, hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan masukan bagi pemerintah dan pemangku kepentingan dalam merumuskan kebijakan hukum yang lebih responsif, memperkuat daya saing industri sawit nasional, serta menjamin perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat pekebun dan lingkungan hidup. Kata Kunci: Politik Hukum, ISPO, Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit, Keberlanjutan, Peraturan Presiden Nomor 44 Tahun 2020, Kepastian Hukum, Tanggung Jawab Hukum, Legalitas Lahan. / Title: LEGAL POLITICS OF ISPO (INDONESIAN SUSTAINABLE PALM OIL) CERTIFICATION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PALM OIL PLANTATION GOVERNANCE IN INDONESIA This research examines the legal politics behind the formulation and implementation of Presidential Regulation Number 44 of 2020 concerning the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) Certification System, as part of the government's initiative to reform and strengthen sustainable palm oil governance. The issuance of this regulation marks a shift from previous ministerial-level regulations, aiming to provide a more binding legal foundation. The study aims to analyze the philosophical, juridical, and sociological underpinnings of this regulation and assess the legal policy framework governing its formation and execution. It particularly evaluates the ISPO's effectiveness in addressing issues such as land legality, institutional certification mechanisms, social accountability, and competitiveness in the global market—especially in response to international scrutiny over environmental and human rights concerns. This research is categorized as normative legal research, employing qualitative, quantitative, and statutory approaches, and is based on secondary data such as legislation, legal literature. The analysis applies normative qualitative methods and draws upon legal theories, including the theory of legal certainty, legal system theory, legal responsibility, and Stufenbau Theory to assess the hierarchical status and legal authority of ISPO regulations. The findings reveal that although Presidential Regulation No. 44 of 2020 provides stronger legal legitimacy for ISPO, its implementation still faces significant challenges on the ground, especially for independent smallholders who struggle to meet requirements related to land legality and certification funding. Theoretically, this study contributes to the development of legal scholarship in agrarian and sustainable development law. Practically, the research offers valuable insights for the government and stakeholders in formulating more responsive legal policies, enhancing the competitiveness of Indonesia's palm oil industry, and ensuring legal protection for smallholders and environmental sustainability. Keywords: Legal Politics, ISPO, Palm Oil Plantation, Sustainability, Presidential Regulation Number 44 of 2020, Legal Certainty, Legal Responsibility, Land Legality.

Item Type: Thesis (S2)
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
UNSPECIFIEDPanjaitan, HulmanNIDN0020096802hulman.panjaitan@uki.ac.id
UNSPECIFIEDSaragi, PaltiadaNIDN0305097105paltiada.saragih@uki.ac.id
Subjects: LAW
LAW > Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence
LAW > Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence > Comparative law. International uniform law > Environmental law
Divisions: PROGRAM PASCASARJANA > Magister Ilmu Hukum
Depositing User: Mr IAN P. SIAGIAN
Date Deposited: 08 Jul 2026 06:11
Last Modified: 08 Jul 2026 06:27
URI: http://repository.uki.ac.id/id/eprint/22508

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