Pengaruh Waktu Perendaman Terhadap Kompresibilitas Dan Pengembangan Tanah Lempung Ekspansif Dengan Penambahan NaCl 10%

Sari, Desma (2025) Pengaruh Waktu Perendaman Terhadap Kompresibilitas Dan Pengembangan Tanah Lempung Ekspansif Dengan Penambahan NaCl 10%. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tanah lempung ekspansif memiliki sifat kembang-susut tinggi akibat fluktuasi kadar air, sehingga sering menimbulkan permasalahan pada konstruksi, seperti retakan pondasi dan kerusakan perkerasan jalan. Salah satu metode stabilisasi yang sedang dikembangkan adalah penambahan NaCl yang dinilai lebih ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan dibanding bahan kimia konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh waktu perendaman terhadap karakteristik kompresibilitas dan pengembangan (swelling) tanah lempung ekspansif dengan penambahan NaCl sebesar 10%. Sampel tanah diambil dari Karawang pada kedalaman 1–1,5 meter, kemudian diuji dalam kondisi asli dengan variasi waktu perendaman 0, 1, 2, dan 3 hari setelah pencampuran NaCl 10%. Pengujian meliputi uji sifat fisik dan mekanik, seperti pemadatan, swelling, dan konsolidasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan NaCl 10% dapat menurunkan indeks plastisitas dan potensi pengembangan tanah serta mempercepat proses konsolidasi. Namun, kondisi tanah tanpa perendaman menunjukkan nilai indeks kompresi (Cc) yang lebih rendah serta nilai koefisien konsolidasi (Cv) yang lebih tinggi dibanding tanah yang direndam, menunjukkan bahwa tanah menjadi lebih stabil dan kurang ekspansif pada kondisi tanpa perendaman. Dengan demikian, penambahan NaCl 10% pada tanah lempung ekspansif terbukti dapat menurunkan potensi pengembangan dan mempercepat proses konsolidasi. Namun, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi tanpa perendaman menghasilkan nilai indeks kompresi (Cc) yang lebih rendah serta nilai koefisien konsolidasi (Cv) yang lebih tinggi dibanding kondisi tanah yang direndam, sehingga stabilisasi tanah lempung ekspansif dengan penambahan NaCl 10% lebih efektif dilakukan tanpa perendaman. Metode ini dapat menjadi alternatif yang praktis, efisien, dan berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan stabilitas tanah dalam aplikasi konstruksi./Expansive clay has high swelling-shrinking properties due to fluctuations in moisture content, often leading to problems in construction, such as foundation cracks and pavement damage. One of the stabilization methods currently being developed is the addition of table salt (NaCl), which is considered more economical and environmentally friendly compared to conventional chemical materials. This study aims to analyze the effect of soaking time on the compressibility and swelling characteristics of expansive clay with the addition of 10% NaCl. Soil samples were taken from Karawang at a depth of 1–1.5 meters and tested in their natural condition with variations in soaking time of 0, 1, 2, and 3 days after mixing with 10% NaCl. The tests included physical and mechanical properties such as compaction, swelling, and consolidation. The results showed that the addition of 10% NaCl could reduce the plasticity index and swelling potential of the soil, as well as accelerate the consolidation process. However, the soil condition without soaking exhibited lower compression index (Cc) values, along with a higher consolidation coefficient (Cv) compared to the soaked soil, indicating that the soil became more stable and less expansive in the absence of soaking. Thus, the addition of 10% NaCl to expansive clay has been proven to reduce swelling potential and accelerate the consolidation process. Nevertheless, the study results indicate that the condition without soaking yields lower values for the compression index (Cc), as well as a higher consolidation coefficient (Cv) compared to the soaked condition, suggesting that the stabilization of expansive clay with the addition of 10% NaCl is more effective when performed without soaking. This method can serve as a practical, efficient, and sustainable alternative for improving soil stability in construction applications.

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