Hubungan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Ibu saat Hamil dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di UPTD Puskesmas Parungkuda Tahun 2024

Vinata, Theofany Firza (2024) Hubungan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah Ibu saat Hamil dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di UPTD Puskesmas Parungkuda Tahun 2024. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Ibu hamil memerlukan asupan nutrisi yang mencukupi untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin. Pemenuhan gizi makro dan mikro adalah hal yang penting untuk ibu hamil. Kebutuhan asupan zat besi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan zat gizi mikro pada saat kehamilan sangat penting, Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) penting untuk membantu memenuhi kebutuhan zat besi selama kehamilan. Asupan TTD yang dibutuhkan saat hamil untuk memenuhi kebutuhan zat besi ibu adalah 30-60 mg sehari, minimal 90 butir selama kehamilan. Kurangnya TTD mengakibatkan janin mempunyai simpanan besi yang rendah dan berisiko tinggi mengalami anemia, berisiko mengalami berat badan lahir rendah dan pertumbuhan yang lebih pendek dari anak seusianya nanti (stunting). Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) prevelensi data anak balita yang mengalami stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 sebanyak 31,8%. Data dari Tim Nasional Percepatan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan (TNP2K) pada November 2018 menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Sukabumi termasuk dalam 100 Kabupaten/Kota prioritas untuk penanggulangan stunting. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah ibu saat hamil dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di UPTD Puskesmas Parungkuda Tahun 2024. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Univariat didapatkan terdapat 16 anak yang mengalami stunting (18%) dan juga ada 73 anak yang tidak mengalami stunting (82%). Anak yang berjenis kelamin Laki-laki sebanyak 48 anak (53,9%) dan ada anak Perempuan yang berjumlah 41 anak (46,1%). Pada beberapa ibu di posyandu yang menjadi responden yang paling banyak dalam mengisi kuesioner adalah posyandu Jayanti 11 ibu (12,4%) dan paling sedikit adalah posyandu Melati 3, posyandu Melati 6 dan posyandu Melati 9 terdapat 6 ibu (6,7%). Didapatkan pendidikan yang ibu jalankan paling banyak telah menjalani pendidikan SMP Sederajat sebanyak 37 ibu (41,6%), ibu yang paling sedikit menempuh pendidikan Diploma atau diatasnya sebanyak 6 ibu (6,7%). Terdapat 42 ibu (47,2%) yang melangsungkan pernikahan pada usia dibawah 21 tahun. Ibu yang menikah pada saat usia >21 tahun terdapat 47 ibu (52,8). Didapatkan ibu yang patuh dalam konsumsi TTD sebanyak 67 ibu (75,3%). Dan ibu yang tidak patuh dalam mengkonsumsi TTD sebanyak 22 ibu (24,7). Diketahui terdapat 78 ibu (87,6%) ibu yang bersikap baik dalam konsumsi TTD dan 11 ibu (12,4%) ibu yang bersikap buruk dalam konsumsi TTD. Pada hasil bivariat terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi TTD ibu saat hamil dengan kejadian stunting pada balita p=0,000 (p=<0,05). pada hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara siakp konsumsi TTD ibu saat hamil dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di UPTD Puskesmas Parungkuda tahun 2024 dengan hasil p=0,000 (0,05). Kata kunci: ibu hamil, gizin makro mikro, zat besi, TTD, stunting. / Pregnant women need adequate nutritional intake to support fetal growth and development. Fulfillment of macro and micro nutrients is important for pregnant women. The need for iron intake to meet the needs of micronutrients during pregnancy is very important, Blood Added Tablets (TTD) are important to help meet iron needs during pregnancy. TTD intake needed during pregnancy to meet the mother's iron needs is 30-60 mg a day, at least 90 grains during pregnancy. Lack of TTD results in the fetus having low iron storage and a high risk of anemia, at risk of experiencing low birth weight and shorter growth than children his age later (stunting). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of data on stunted children under five in Indonesia in 2020 was 31.8%. Data from the National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction (TNP2K) in November 2018 shows that Sukabumi Regency is included in the 100 priority districts/cities for stunting reduction. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the consumption of maternal Blood Add Tablets during pregnancy with the incidence of stunting in toddlers at UPTD Parungkuda Health Center in 2024. The type of research used is analytical research with a cross sectional approach. Based on the results of Univariate research, it was found that there were 16 children who were stunted (18%) and there were also 73 children who were not stunted (82%). There were 48 boys (53.9%) and 41 girls (46.1%). In some mothers in posyandu who became the most respondents in filling out the questionnaire were posyandu Jayanti 11 mothers (12.4%) and the least were posyandu Melati 3, posyandu Melati 6 and posyandu Melati 9 there were 6 mothers (6.7%). It was found that the most mothers had undergone equivalent junior high school education as many as 37 mothers (41.6%), mothers who had at least Diploma education or above as many as 6 mothers (6.7%). There were 42 mothers (47.2%) who were married under the age of 21. There were 47 mothers who married at the age of >21 (52.8). It was found that mothers who were obedient in TTD consumption were 67 mothers (75.3%). And mothers who did not comply with TTD as many as 22 mothers (24.7). It is known that there were 78 mothers (87.6%) mothers who behaved well in TTD consumption and 11 mothers (12.4%) mothers who behaved poorly in TTD consumption. In the bivariate results, there was a significant relationship between maternal TTD consumption during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in toddlers p = 0.000 (p = <0.05). This result shows that there is a significant relationship between maternal TTD consumption during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in toddlers at UPTD Parungkuda Health Center in 2024 with a result of p = 0.000 (0.05). Keywords: pregnant women, macro micro gizin, iron, TTD, stunting.

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