Profil Asupan Mikronutrien pada Kejadian Balita Stunting di Desa Babakan Mandang Gunung Pancar Sentul Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat Tahun 2023

Wiharianti, Yosephine Vania (2024) Profil Asupan Mikronutrien pada Kejadian Balita Stunting di Desa Babakan Mandang Gunung Pancar Sentul Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat Tahun 2023. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Stunting adalah gangguan pertumbuhan pada anak bawah lima tahun (balita) akibat secara terus menerus mengalami kekurangan gizi, mengakibatkan anak bertubuh pendek. Stunting meningkatkan risiko kematian dan morbiditas, serta postur tubuh terhambat ketika dewasa. Seorang anak dikatakan stunting apabila PB/U atau TB/U kurang dari minus dua standar deviasi (<-2SD) dan kurang dari minus tiga standar deviasi (<-3SD). Penulis bermaksud membuat sebuah penelitian dengan tujuan mengetahui data antropometri balita stunting dan non stunting serta mengetahui profil vitamin A, D, E, K, C, B12, serta iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), kalsium (Ca), dan asam folat pada balita stunting dan non stunting di Desa Babakan Mandang, Gunung Pancar Sentul, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional (potong lintang) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan penelitian yang penulis adakan, jumlah balita stunting lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan balita non-stunting dengan persentase 52,3% untuk balita stunting dan 47,7% untuk balita non-stunting. Distribusi frekuensi asupan mikronutrien yang kurang pada balita stunting secara berturut-turut, vitamin K 23 orang (100%), vitamin D 20 orang (87%), asam folat 17 orang (73,9%), vitamin E 15 orang (65,2%) dan kalsium 12 orang (52,2%). Dominasi jumlah balita stunting di wilayah tersebut disebabkan oleh kekurangan asupan mikronutrien karena kurangnya variasi makanan, ketidakteraturan pola makan, dan kondisi sosial ekonomi yang belum dapat mencukupi kebutuhan gizi harian. Dengan demikian kejadian stunting di wilayah Desa Babakan Mandang disebabkan karena kurangnya asupan mikronutrien multiple bukan karena kurangnya asupan mikronutrien tunggal. Oleh karena itu, bagi orang tua yang memiliki balita dengan gizi kurang dan atau kondisi stunting diharapkan untuk memperhatikan setiap makanan yang dikonsumsi balita agar nutrisi balita tercukupi sesuai dengan kebutuhan setiap balita. / Stunting is a growth disorder in children under five years old (under five) due to continuous malnutrition, resulting in short stature. Stunting increases the risk of mortality and morbidity, and stunted posture in adulthood. A child is said to be stunted if PB/U or TB/U is less than minus two standard deviations (<-2SD) and less than minus three standard deviations (<-3SD). The author intends to make a study with the aim of knowing the anthropometric data of stunting and non-stunting toddlers and knowing the profile of vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin C, vitamin B12, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca) and folic acid in stunting and non-stunting toddlers in Babakan Mandang Village, Gunung Pancar Sentul, Bogor Regency, West Java. The author used an observational research method using a cross sectional design with a quantitative approach. Based on the research conducted by the author, the number of stunted toddlers is more than non-stunted toddlers with a percentage of 52.3% for stunted toddlers and 47.7% for non-stunted toddlers. The frequency distribution of micronutrient intake in stunted toddlers was vitamin K 23 people (100%), vitamin D 20 people (87%), asam folat 17 people (73,9%), vitamin E 15 people (65,2%) dan calsium 12 people (52,2%). The predominance of stunted toddlers in the area is caused by a lack of micronutrient intake due to a lack of food variety, dietary irregularities, and socioeconomic conditions that cannot meet daily nutritional needs. Thus, the incidence of stunting in the Babakan Mandang Village area is caused by a lack of multiple micronutrient intake rather than a lack of single micronutrient intake. Therefore, parents who have toddlers with malnutrition and or stunting conditions are expected to pay attention to every food consumed by toddlers so that toddler nutrition is fulfilled according to the needs of each toddler.

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