Efektivitas Penggunaan Nikardipin terhadap Pasien Hipertensi Urgensi di Rumah Sakit Umum Universitas Kristen Indonesia pada Tahun 2019-2021

Susanto, Carlysa Regina (2024) Efektivitas Penggunaan Nikardipin terhadap Pasien Hipertensi Urgensi di Rumah Sakit Umum Universitas Kristen Indonesia pada Tahun 2019-2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Hipertensi urgensi merupakan kenaikan tekanan darah mendadak dengan tekanan darah sistolik ≥ 180 mmHg dan atau tekanan darah sistolik ≥ 120 mmHg tanpa adanya kerusakan organ target. Nikardipin merupakan salah satu terapi farmakologis pada pasien hipertensi urgensi dari golongan obat Calcium Channel Blocker jenis dihidropiridin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan nikardipin terhadap pasien hipertensi urgensi di Rumah Sakit Umum Universitas Kristen Indonesia pada tahun 2019-2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode total sampling menggunakan data rekam medik di RSU UKI. Hasil dari data rekam medik didapatkan 35 pasien hipertensi urgensi yang diterapi menggunakan nikardipin dengan distribusi usia terbesar pada rentang usia 42-47 tahun terdapat 10 pasien (28.6%) dan usia 54-60 tahun terdapat 10 pasien (28.7%). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, kelompok pasien hipertensi urgensi terbanyak pada wanita sebanyak 20 pasien (57.1%) sementara pria sebanyak 15 pasien (42.9%). Target penurunan tekanan darah dan tekanan arteri rata-rata pada pasien hipertensi urgensi adalah penurunan 25% tekanan arteri rata-rata serta penurunan tekanan darah menjadi ≤ 160/100 mmHg pada pasien hipertensi yang menjadi acuan dasar untuk terapi hipertensi urgensi ini dengan tujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya kerusakan organ. Penurunan tekanan darah diastolik yang mencapai <90 mmHg dapat mengakibatkan disfungsi organ utama, koma, dan kematian. Berdasarkan tekanan arteri rata-rata pasien hipertensi urgensi yang diterapi menggunakan nikardipin didapatkan presentase penurunan terbanyak pada rentang 21-30% sebanyak 14 pasien (40%). Sementara berdasarkan hasil penurunan tekanan darah sistolik setelah diberikan terapi nikardipin didapatkan presentase terbesar yaitu ≤160 mmHg sebesar 26 pasien (74.3%) dan hasil penurunan tekanan darah diastolik setelah diberikan terapi nikardipin presentase terbesar yaitu 28 pasien (80%). / Urgent hypertension is a sudden increase in blood pressure with systolic blood pressure ≥ 180 mmHg and/or systolic blood pressure ≥ 120 mmHg without any target organ damage. Nicardipine is a pharmacological therapy for urgent hypertensive patients from the dihydropyridine class of Calcium Channel Blocker drugs. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using nicardipine in patients with urgent hypertension at the Indonesian Christian University General Hospital in 2019-2021. This research was conducted using a total sampling method using medical record data at RSU UKI. The results from medical record data showed that 35 patients with hypertensive urgency were treated using nicardipine with the largest age distribution in the age range 42-47 years, there were 10 patients (28.6%) and 54-60 years, there were 10 patients (28.7%). Based on gender, the largest group of patients with hypertensive urgency were women, namely 20 patients (57.1%) while men were 15 patients (42.9%). The target for reducing blood pressure and MAP in patients with urgent hypertension is a 25% reduction in MAP and reducing blood pressure to ≤ 160/100 mmHg in hypertensive patients, which is the basic reference for therapy for urgent hypertension to prevent organ damage. A decrease in diastolic blood pressure that reaches <90 mmHg can result in major organ dysfunction, coma, and death. Based on the MAP of patients with hypertensive urgency who were treated using nicardipine, the highest percentage reduction was found in the range of 21-30%, as many as 14 patients (40%). Meanwhile, based on the results of reducing systolic blood pressure after being given nicardipine therapy, the largest percentage was obtained, namely ≤ 160 mmHg, in 26 patients (74.3%), and the results of reducing diastolic blood pressure after being given nicardipine therapy, the largest percentage was 28 patients (80%).

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