Efektivitas Gugatan Sederhana dalam Penyelesaian Kredit Macet pada Kantor Wilayah BRI Jakarta 2

Silalahi, Tumbur Manggasal (2023) Efektivitas Gugatan Sederhana dalam Penyelesaian Kredit Macet pada Kantor Wilayah BRI Jakarta 2. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Kehidupan masyarakat terus mengalami perkembangan, maka hukum harus ada yang mengatur agar berjalan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Kehidupan ekonomi yang terus berubah dan berkembang cepat sering terlambat dikeluarkan produk hukum yang mengaturnya. Hukum perdata yang berlaku di Indonesia masih menggunakan hukum peninggalan penjajahan Belanda, dimana jika terjadi sengketa dalam perjanjian masih membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan biaya yang mahal dengan tanpa mengenal nominal. Mahkamah Agung telah merespon kebutuhan yang ada di masyarakat dengan mengeluarkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Gugatan Sederhana. Peraturan tersebut diharapkan akan digunakan oleh individu maupun badan usaha jika ada sengketa perdata dalam hutang piutang. Bank Rakyat Indonesia sebagai badan usaha, dalam hal ini Kantor Wilayah Jakarta 2 Bank Rakyat Indonesia telah menyambut baik Peraturan Mahkamah Agung tersebut, dengan menggunakan Gugatan Sederhana dalam penyelesaian kredit macet yang sesuai dengan ketentuan Peratura Mahkamah Agung tersebut. Dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan yang telah diatur dalam Peraturan Mahkamah Agung tersebut masih jauh dari yang diharapkan. Ketentuan 25 hari kerja sejak sidang pertama gugatan perkara sudah diputus, dalam kenyataannya masih ada tahapannya lainnya yang membutuhkan waktu lebih lama sehinggal total hari yang dibutuhkan 60 hari kerja sampai gugatan diputus. Setelah diputus agar agunan kredit bisa dilelang masih membutuhkan proses fiat eksekusi, sehingga dalam prakteknya membutuhkan waktu 90 hari sampai agunan dilelang, yang hasil lelang tersebut diharapkan menjadi recovery kredit macet. Kondisi di lapangan juga menunjukkan lambatnya proses Gugatan Sederhana juga disebabkan perangkat infrastruktur yang terlibat menangani gugatan sederhana masih belum tersedia dengan baik seperti hakim yang sudah mendapat pelatihan menangani perkara gugatan sederhana, pengetahuann masyarakat tentang gugatan sederhana masih rendah. Akibat masih lamanya proses gugatan sederhana dalam penyelesaian kredit macet, maka BRI sangat selektif dan masih rendah jumlahnya melimpahkan penagihan kredit macet lewat gugatan sederhana. Walaupun sebenarnya potensi kredit macet yang bisa dilimpahkan lewat gugatan sederhan masih sangat besar. / Community life continues to experience development, so there must be a law that regulates it so that it runs as expected. Economic life that is constantly changing and developing rapidly is often too late to issue legal products that regulate it. The civil law in force in Indonesia still uses the law from the Dutch colonial heritage, where if there is a dispute in the agreement it still takes a long time and is expensive without knowing the nominal value. The Supreme Court has responded to the needs that exist in society by issuing Supreme Court Regulations Small Claim Court. It is hoped that this regulation will be used by individuals and business entities if there is a civil dispute in accounts payable. Bank Rakyat Indonesia as a business entity, in this case the Regional Office of Jakarta 2 Bank Rakyat Indonesia has welcomed the Supreme Court Regulations, by using a Small Claim Court in the settlement of bad loans in accordance with the provisions of the Supreme Court Regulation. From the research shows that the application that has been regulated in the Supreme Court Regulations is still far from what was expected. The stipulation of 25 working days since the first hearing of the lawsuit has been decided, in reality there are still other stages that require longer time so that the total required 60 working days is until the lawsuit is decided. After it has been decided that credit collateral can be auctioned, it still requires an execution fiat process, so in practice it takes 90 days for the collateral to be auctioned, the result of the auction is expected to be bad credit (non performing loan) recovery. Conditions in the field also show the slow process of Small Claim Courts is also due to the fact that the infrastructure involved in handling Small Claim Courts is still not properly available, such as judges who have received training in handling Small Claim Courts cases, and the public's knowledge of Small Claim Courts is still low. As a result of the long process of Small Claim Courts in the settlement of bad loans, BRI is very selective and still has a low number of delegating bad credit (non performing loan) collections through Small Claim Courts. Even though the potential for bad credit (non performing loan) that can be delegated through a Small Claim Court is still very large.

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