Gambaran Foto Toraks dan Hasil Pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) pada Pasien COVID-19 Di Rumah Sakit UKI Tahun 2020-2021

Aji, Aurelia Gendis (2022) Gambaran Foto Toraks dan Hasil Pemeriksaan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) pada Pasien COVID-19 Di Rumah Sakit UKI Tahun 2020-2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di seluruh dunia termasuk Indonesia. Angka kematian akibat COVID-19 merupakan angka yang tertinggi di Asia Tenggara yaitu sebesar 8,9%. Penyakit COVID-19 yang sangat menular ini disebabkan oleh virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang menyerang sistem respirasi. Pemeriksaan radiologi seperti pemeriksaan foto toraks dan CT-scan menjadi pemeriksaan penunjang yang akan membantu dalam mendiagnosis, monitoring terapi dan pengelolaan komplikasi paru pada pasien COVID-19. Pemeriksaan reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) pada pasien COVID- 19 sesuai dengan panduan diagnosis dilakukan untuk menegakkan diagnosis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran foto toraks dan pemeriksaan PCR berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan dan pekerjaan pada pasien rawat inap yang didiagnosis COVID-19 di RSU UKI pada periode Juni 2020-2021. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif menggunakan rekam medik yang terkonfirmasi positif dengan PCR dan terdapat rontgen paru diawal terdiagnosis. Data dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil pada penelitian didapatkan jumlah sampel sejumlah 80 orang pasien COVID-19. Jumlah pasien berjenis kelamin wanita sebanyak 42 orang (52,5%), usia terbanyak diantara 46-55 sebanyak 24 orang (30,0 %), pekerjaan pegawai swasta sebanyak 54 orang (67,5%), dengan latar belakang pendidikan sarjana sebanyak 40 orang (50%) dan gejala klinis terbanyak adalah demam sebanyak 71 orang (88,8%). Hasil rontgen toraks yang tertinggi adalah infiltrat pada kedua lapang paru (bilateral) sebanyak 65 orang (81,2%) dengan hasil PCR nilai CT Value positif kuat (<29) sebanyak 42 orang (52,5%)./ Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is still a major health problem throughout the world, including Indonesia. The death rate from COVID-19 is the highest in Southeast Asia, at 8.9%. This highly contagious COVID-19 disease is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that attacks the respiratory system. Radiological examinations such as chest x-ray examinations and CT-scans are supporting examinations that will assist in diagnosing, monitoring therapy and managing pulmonary complications in COVID-19 patients. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) examination in COVID-19 patients according to the diagnostic guidelines was carried out to establish the diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of chest X-ray and PCR examination based on age, gender, education level and occupation of inpatients diagnosed with COVID-19 at UKI General Hospital in the period June 2020-2021. The method used is descriptive analysis using medical records that are confirmed positive by PCR and there is an X-ray of the lungs at the beginning of the diagnosis. Data were analyzed univariately. The results in the study obtained a total sample of 80 COVID-19 patients. The number of female patients was 42 people (52.5%), the most age between 46-55 were 24 people (30.0 %), private employees were 54 people (67.5%), with a bachelor's educational background as many as 40 people (50%) and the most clinical symptoms were fever as many as 71 people (88.8%). The highest chest X-ray results were infiltrates in both lung fields (bilateral) as many as 65 people (81.2%) with PCR results with a strong positive CT Value (<29) as many as 42 people (52.5%).

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