Karakteristik Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Rawat Jalan di RSPI Sulianti Saroso periode Januari 2019 – Desember 2020

Pertiwi, Rana Dian (2022) Karakteristik Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Rawat Jalan di RSPI Sulianti Saroso periode Januari 2019 – Desember 2020. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis adalah salah satu penyakit menular yang. disebabkan oleh bakteri basil tahan asam yaitu Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ditemukan sebanyak 543.874 kasus Tuberkulosis di Indonesia pada tahun 2019. Beberapa kelompok populasi tertentu yang memiliki risiko lebih tinggi tertular infeksi TB. Gejala yang dialami pasien Tuberkulosis cukup beragam oleh karena itu diperlukan pemeriksaaan tambahan seperti menggunakan pemeriksaan Tes Cepat Molekuler yang memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifitas yang lebih unggul dari pemeriksaan BTA dan pemeriksaan radiologi. Pasien tuberkulosis diberikan regimen pengobatan OAT kategori 1 dan 2 dengan durasi pengobatan 6 bulan atau lebih. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien Tuberkulosis Paru rawat jalan di RSPI Sulianti Saroso berdasarkan karakteristik demografis, manifestasi klinis, hasil pemeriksaan penunjang, dan gambaran riwayat pengobatan pada pasien Tuberkulosis Paru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional yang bersifat retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik pasien. Hasilnya mayoritas pasien berusia berusia 26-35 tahun 24,7%, berjenis kelamin laki-laki 58,8%, memiliki riwayat pendidikan terakhir SMA 60,0%, dan bekerja sebagai karyawan swasta 51,8%. Manifestasi klinis gejala batuk 89,4%, sesak nafas 41,2%, penurunan berat badan 25,9%, demam 23,5%, dan keringat malam 10,6%. Hasil pemeriksaan TCM didapatkan hasil positif 60% dan terdapat gambaran khas TB pada pemeriksaan rontgen thorax 88,2%. Gambaran pengobatan diperoleh 82,4% mendapat OAT kategori 1 dengan lama pengobatan pasien >6 bulan 54,1% dan status terakhir pengobatan adalah sembuh 65,9%./ Tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases. It is caused by an acid-fast bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2019, the number of Tuberculosis cases found in Indonesia was 543,874 cases. Certain population groups have a higher risk of contracting TB infection. Symptoms experienced by Tuberculosis patients are quite diverse, therefore additional examinations are needed, such as using the Molecular Rapid Test, which has a sensitivity and specificity that is more advance than AFB examination and radiological examination. Tuberculosis patients were given OAT treatment regimens categories 1 and 2 with a duration of treatment of 6 months or more. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of outpatient pulmonary tuberculosis at RSPI Sulianti Saroso based on demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, results of supporting examinations, and a description of the history of treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The research method used is a descriptive method with a retrospective cross sectional approach using patient medical record data. The result was that the majority of patients aged 26- 35 years were 24.7%, male 58.8%, had a recent education history of high school 60.0%, and worked as private sector employees 51.8%. Clinical manifestations were cough 89.4%, shortness of breath 41.2%, weight loss 25.9%, fever 23.5%, and night sweats 10.6%. The results of the TCM examination were 60% positive and there were typical features of TB on chest X-Ray examination 88.2%. Overview of treatment obtained 82.4% received OAT category 1 with the length of treatment of patients >6 months 54.1% and the last status of treatment was convalesce 65.9%.

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