Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pembeli Beriktikad Baik Berkaitan Dengan Pembatalan Jual Beli Berdasarkan Putusan Actio Pauliana (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 223 Pk/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2018 Tanggal 23 Januari 2019)

Pardede, Dickson Marusaha (2020) Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pembeli Beriktikad Baik Berkaitan Dengan Pembatalan Jual Beli Berdasarkan Putusan Actio Pauliana (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 223 Pk/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2018 Tanggal 23 Januari 2019). S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Nama : Dickson Marusaha Pardede Program Studi : Magister Hukum Judul : Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pembeli Beriktikad Baik Berkaitan dengan Pembatalan Jual Beli Berdasarkan Putusan Actio Paulina (Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 223 PK/Pdt.Sus- Pailit/2018 Tanggal 23 Januari 2019) Tesis ini membahas tentang putusan actio pauliana dalam suatu perkara kepailitan. Putusan actio pauliana tersebut dilakukan atas perbuatan salah seorang anggota direksi dari perusahaan yang dipailitkan sehingga menyebabkan berkurangnya harta perseroan dan boedel pailit sehingga merugikan para kreditor. Lembaga actio pauliana bertujuan untuk melindungi kepentingan kreditor dari tindakan debitor yang mengalihkan hartanya demi melepaskan harta tersebut dari boedel pailit. Lembaga actio pauliana dalam hukum kepailitan merupakan sebuah lembaga yang sangat penting bagi kurator dalam melaksanakan tugasnya untuk mengurus harta pailit dari debitor yang telah dipailitkan berdasarkan suatu putusan pailit. Dibalik tujuannya untuk melindungi kepentingan kreditor tersebut, ada hal yang perlu ditelaah lebih dalam mengenai kedudukan si penerima aset yakni manakala penerima aset menerima pengalihan tersebut berdasarkan iktikad baik. Terlebih manakala penerimaan aset tersebut bersamaan dengan pemberian prestasi tertentu yakni dalam bentuk jual beli. Penulisan tesis ini menggunakan bentuk penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan metode kualitatif untuk menganalisis data dan tipe penelitian deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa jual beli harta pailiti yang di lakukan sebelum putusan pailit pada dasarnya tetap sah dimata hukum, kecuali dapat dibuktikan bahwa tindakan debitur mengalihkan hartanya tersebut kemudian menimbulkan kerugian bagi kreditor. Manakala dapat dibuktikan bahwa pengalihan harta tersebut merugikan pihak kreditor, maka kurator atau kreditor dapat mengajukan gugatan actio pauliana dan dimungkinkan dalam gugatan actio pauliana tersebut untuk membatalkan perjanjian jual beli walaupun jual beli telah dilaksanakan sebelum putusan pailit yakni dalam kurun waktu satu tahun sebelum putusan tersebut dikeluarkan. Manakala pengalihan harta pailit dilakukan secara timbal balik seperti jual beli, maka pembeli yang melakukan jual beli dengan iktikad baik haruslah tatap dilindungi haknya sehingga putusan actio pauliana tetap harus memperhatikan kepentingan pihak pembeli yang beriktikad baik tersebut. Kata Kunci: Pailit, actio pauliana, perlindungan hukum, iktikad baik./ Name : Dickson Marusaha Pardede Study Program : Master of Law Title : Legal Protection of Related Good Intent Buyers with Cancellation of Sale and Purchase Based on the Actio Paulina Decision (Analysis of the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 223 Pk / Pdt.Sus-Bankrupt / 2018 dated January 23, 2019) This thesis discusses the actio pauliana verdict in a bankruptcy case. The actio pauliana decision was made on the actions of a member of the board of directors of the bankrupt company, causing a reduction in the company's assets and bankruptcy proceedings to the detriment of creditors. The Actio Pauliana Institute aims to protect the interests of creditors from the actions of debtors who divert their assets in order to release the assets from the bankruptcy loan. The Actio Pauliana Institution in bankruptcy law is a very important institution for curators in carrying out their duties to manage the bankruptcy assets of the debtors which have been bankrupt based on a bankruptcy decision. Behind its purpose to protect the interests of the creditor, there are things that need to be explored in more depth regarding the position of the recipient of the asset ie when the recipient of the asset receives the transfer based on good faith. Especially when the receipt of these assets together with the provision of certain achievements, namely in the form of buying and selling. Writing this thesis uses a form of normative legal research with qualitative methods to analyze data and analytical descriptive research types. The results of this study can be concluded that the sale and purchase of bankruptcy assets that were carried out before the bankruptcy decision remains basically legal in the eyes of the law, unless it can be proven that the act of the debtor transfers his property then causes harm to creditors. When it can be proven that the transfer of assets is detrimental to the creditor, the curator or creditor can file an actio pauliana lawsuit and it is possible in the actio pauliana claim to cancel the sale and purchase agreement even though the sale and purchase has been carried out before the bankruptcy decision, namely within one year before the verdict is issued . When the transfer of bankrupt assets is carried out in a reciprocal manner such as buying and selling, then buyers who buy and sell in good faith must face protected rights so that the actio pauliana decision must still pay attention to the interests of the buyer in good faith. Keywords: Bankruptcy, actio pauliana, legal protection, good faith

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