Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap Siswi SMAN 14 Jakarta mengenai Vaksin HPV Sebagai Pencegahan Kanker Serviks

Aline, Tamariska Rose (2022) Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap Siswi SMAN 14 Jakarta mengenai Vaksin HPV Sebagai Pencegahan Kanker Serviks. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Kanker serviks adalah pertumbuhan abnormal dan invasif pada sel epitel serviks akibat infeksi dari Human Papilloma Virus tipe high risk. Berdasarkan data GLOBOCAN tahun 2020, kanker serviks merupakan kanker terbanyak keempat pada wanita di dunia dan terbanyak kedua pada wanita di Indonesia. Indonesia juga mencatatkan jumlah kasus dan mortalitas akibat kanker serviks paling tinggi di Asia Tenggara pada tahun 2018. Kanker serviks adalah jenis kanker yang dapat dicegah dengan menghindari faktor risiko, melakukan vaksinasi HPV, dan rutin menjalani skrining berupa tes Inspeksi Visual dengan Asam Asetat (IVA) dan/atau Pap smear. Pentingnya pengetahuan yang mumpuni terutama dikalangan remaja generasi Z mengenai kanker serviks dan vaksin HPV, akan mendukung terbentuknya sikap positif berupa kesadaran untuk mau divaksin HPV sebagai upaya preventif primer. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan gambaran pengetahuan dan sikap dari siswi SMAN 14 Jakarta mengenai vaksin HPV sebagai pencegahan kanker serviks. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAN 14 Jakarta dengan teknik sampel survei. Kuesioner dibagikan melalui google form kepada 81 responden berdasarkan rumus Slovin dan kemudian data tersebut diolah menggunakan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan untuk aspek pengetahuan sebanyak 4 responden (4,9%) berkategori baik, 63 responden (77,8%) berkategori cukup, dan 14 responden (17,3%) berkategori kurang. Sedangkan untuk aspek sikap sebanyak 42 orang (51,85%) berkategori baik dan 39 responden (48,15%) berkategori cukup. Kata kunci: Kanker serviks, vaksin HPV, pengetahuan, sikap / Cervical cancer is an abnormal and invasive growth in cervical epithelial cells because of high-risk type of Human Papilloma Virus infection. Based on GLOBOCAN data in 2020, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the world and the second most in women in Indonesia. Indonesia also recorded the highest number of cases and mortality due to cervical cancer in Southeast Asia in 2018. Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that can be prevented by avoiding risk factors, vaccinating against HPV, and undergoing routine screening in the form of a Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (IVA) test. and/or Pap smears. The importance of good knowledge, especially among generation Z adolescents about cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine, will induce a positive attitude in the form of awareness to want to be vaccinated against HPV as a primary prevention. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the knowledge and attitudes of SMAN 14 Jakarta students regarding the HPV vaccine as cervical cancer prevention. The research method used is descriptive analytic with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at SMAN 14 Jakarta with a survey sample technique. Questionnaires were distributed via google form to 81 respondents based on the Slovin formula and then the data was processed using univariate analysis. The results of this study were obtained for the knowledge aspect as many as 4 respondents (4.9%) in the good category, 63 respondents (77.8%) in the sufficient category, and 14 respondents (17.3%) in the poor category. As for the attitude aspect, 42 people (51.85%) were in good category and 39 respondents (48.15%) were in sufficient category. Keywords: Cervical cancer, HPV vaccine, knowledge, attitude

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