The Role of Cytokine Interleukin-2,Transcription Factor of FoxP3 in the Immunological Regulation of Allergic Rhinitis

Utomo, Bambang Suprayogi Resi and Hatta, Mochammad and Sirait, Robert Hotman and Pratiwi, Sutji and Massi, Muhammad Nasrum (2018) The Role of Cytokine Interleukin-2,Transcription Factor of FoxP3 in the Immunological Regulation of Allergic Rhinitis. International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 7 (1). pp. 7-19. ISSN 2168 5460

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Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the inflammation of nasal mucosa due to the type 1 hypersensitivity reactions mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) and triggered by certain allergens. The latest concept in allergic disease is the role of regulatory T cells (Treg). Interleukin-2 enhances the function and survival of Treg to perform its function as a controller of effector for forming a tolerant system by suppressing and regulating the homeostasis system. Treg has a transcription factor FoxP3 which plays a role in developing major function of Treg and progression to produce IL-10 and TGF-β. The atopic diseases are caused by a deficiency of Treg. The new perspective is low-dose IL-2 therapy towards autoimmune disease and allergic inflammation. Low-dose IL-2 therapy requires further clinical studies to optimize the dose, time, and the schedule of the IL-2 treatment. FoxP3 has the potential to assist in evaluating the active process of immunological process, which cannot be evaluated by Th1 and Th2 markers, and FoxP3 can be a successful immunotherapy marker.

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