Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Gultom, Fajar Lamhot and Nababan, Pieter Daniel and Panjaitan, Ani Oranda (2026) Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Indonesian Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 5 (9). pp. 1873-1890. ISSN 2986-0768

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Abstract

Epithelial ovarian cancer is a major cause of gynecological cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Several factors, including age, parity, contraceptive use, and family history, have been reported to influence the risk of ovarian cancer. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated at Tarakan Regional General Hospital, Jakarta, and to examine the association of epithelial ovarian cancer with age, parity, contraceptive use, and family history. This observational analytic study used a cross-sectional design and secondary data obtained from the medical records of patients treated between 2018 and 2022. A total of 50 eligible patients were included using a total sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Most patients were aged >50 years (58.0%), had a parity of ≥1 (98.0%), had not used contraception (76.0%), and had no family history of ovarian cancer (92.0%). Chi-square analysis showed no statistically significant associations between age (p = 0.069), parity (p = 0.465), contraceptive use (p = 0.326), or family history (p = 0.637) and epithelial ovarian cancer. The majority of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were aged >50 years, had given birth at least once, had no history of contraceptive use, and had no family history of ovarian cancer. Further studies involving larger sample sizes and an appropriate comparison group are needed to better investigate potential risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer.

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