Analisis Dan Mitigasi Harmonisa Dengan Hybrid Filter Pada Plts Off-Grid 1 Kwp Berbasis Matlab/Simulink Di Green House Poktan Mustika, Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur

Zamili, Nicolaus Sugianto (2026) Analisis Dan Mitigasi Harmonisa Dengan Hybrid Filter Pada Plts Off-Grid 1 Kwp Berbasis Matlab/Simulink Di Green House Poktan Mustika, Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Peningkatan penggunaan sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) off-grid berbasis inverter pada sistem tenaga skala kecil berpotensi meningkatkan permasalahan kualitas daya, khususnya distorsi harmonisa akibat karakteristik switching inverter dan penggunaan beban nonlinier. Sistem PLTS off-grid memiliki impedansi sistem yang relatif tinggi sehingga lebih rentan terhadap peningkatan distorsi arus dan tegangan dibandingkan sistem yang terhubung ke jaringan utilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik harmonisa pada sistem PLTS off-grid 1 kWp di Green House Poktan Mustika, Kramat Jati, Jakarta Timur, serta mengevaluasi efektivitas implementasi Filter Pasif LCL, Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC), dan hybrid Filter dalam mereduksi harmonisa. Metode penelitian dilakukan melalui pengukuran lapangan untuk memperoleh data aktual sistem, kemudian dikembangkan model simulasi berbasis MATLAB/Simulink menggunakan pendekatan kalibrasi data lapangan melalui blok From Workspace. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan analisis Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Total Harmonic Distortion arus (THDi), serta pembandingan terhadap standar IEEE 519-2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi awal sistem memiliki nilai THDi sebesar 27,13%. Implementasi Filter LCL mampu menurunkan THDi menjadi 0,29% dengan tingkat reduksi sebesar 98,93%, sedangkan metode HCC menghasilkan THDi sebesar 2,33% dengan reduksi sebesar 91,41%. Kombinasi hybrid Filter yang mengintegrasikan Filter LCL dan HCC memberikan performa terbaik dengan menghasilkan THDi sebesar 0,14% atau reduksi harmonisa sebesar 99,48%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode hybrid filter aktif HCC dan pasif LCL lebih efektif dibandingkan penggunaan filter tunggal karena mampu mengombinasikan kemampuan penyaringan harmonisa dominan dari filter pasif dan kemampuan adaptif filter aktif sehingga kualitas daya sistem PLTS off-grid dapat ditingkatkan secara signifikan. / The increasing use of inverter-based off-grid Photovoltaic (PV) systems in smallscale power systems has the potential to increase power quality issues, particularly harmonic distortion caused by inverter switching characteristics and the use of nonlinear loads. Off-grid PV systems generally have relatively high system impedance, making them more susceptible to current and voltage distortion compared to utility-connected systems. This study aims to analyze the harmonic characteristics of a 1 kWp off-grid PV system installed at Green House Poktan Mustika, Kramat Jati, East Jakarta, and to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing an LCL passive Filter, Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC), and hybrid Filter in reducing harmonics. The research methodology was conducted through field measurements to obtain actual system data, followed by the development of a MATLAB/Simulink-based simulation model using a field-data calibration approach through the From Workspace block. The evaluation process was carried out using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis, Total Harmonic Distortion of current (THDi), and comparison with the IEEE 519-2022 standard. The results indicate that the initial system condition had a THDi value of 27.13%. The implementation of the LCL Filter reduced THDi to 0.29% with a harmonic reduction rate of 98.93%, while the HCC method produced a THDi value of 2.33% with a reduction rate of 91.41%. The hybrid Filter configuration, which integrates the LCL Filter and HCC, demonstrated the best performance by achieving a THDi value of 0.14%, corresponding to a harmonic reduction rate of 99.48%. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the hybrid Filter method is more effective than single-Filter implementations because it combines the capability of passive Filtering for dominant harmonics with the adaptive characteristics of active Filtering, thereby significantly improving the power quality of the Off-grid PV system. Keywords: off-grid Photovoltaic system, hybrid filter, Hysteresis Current Controller, LCL filter, THDi.

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