Narasi, Representasi Dan Kekuasaan: Membongkar Relasi Presiden Prabowo Subianto Dengan Presiden Donald J. Trump Dalam Dramaturgi Negosiasi Tarif Resiprokal Indonesia-Amerika Serikat

Zebua, Irwan Sulaiman (2026) Narasi, Representasi Dan Kekuasaan: Membongkar Relasi Presiden Prabowo Subianto Dengan Presiden Donald J. Trump Dalam Dramaturgi Negosiasi Tarif Resiprokal Indonesia-Amerika Serikat. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Hubungan bilateral Indonesia-Amerika Serikat merupakan salah satu dinamika strategis dalam politik dan ekonomi global. Penelitian ini mengkaji negosiasi tarif resiprokal antara Indonesia di bawah kepemimpinan Prabowo Subianto dan Amerika Serikat di bawah kepemimpinan Donald J. Trump. Latar belakang penelitian berangkat dari ketegangan perdagangan akibat kebijakan proteksionis Amerika Serikat yang memengaruhi daya saing ekspor Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana dramaturgi politik kedua aktor memengaruhi proses dan hasil negosiasi tarif resiprokal. Penelitian menggunakan teori dramaturgi Erving Goffman untuk menganalisis cara aktor politik membangun citra, mengelola impresi, dan memainkan peran strategis melalui depan panggung dan belakang panggung. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui studi dokumentasi, laporan resmi, berita internasional, data perdagangan Indonesia-Amerika Serikat, dan wawancara. Validitas data diperoleh melalui triangulasi sumber, sedangkan analisis dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan dramaturgi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa negosiasi tarif resiprokal lebih menguntungkan Amerika Serikat. Donald J. Trump berhasil memanfaatkan citra karismatik, retorika populis, serta strategi depan panggung dan belakang panggung untuk meningkatkan tekanan dalam negosiasi. Sebaliknya, Prabowo Subianto tidak mampu mengimbangi strategi Donald J. Trump. Retorika patriotisme dan nasionalisme yang ditampilkan lebih bersifat simbolik daripada substantif karena pemerintah Indonesia memilih kompromi yang mengakomodasi kepentingan Amerika Serikat. Kondisi ini menunjukkan kegagalan Prabowo mentransformasikan citra politiknya menjadi kekuatan diplomasi yang efektif. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan negosiasi internasional ditentukan oleh kekuatan material sekaligus kemampuan aktor membangun narasi, mengelola representasi politik, dan membentuk persepsi publik sehingga Indonesia perlu memperkuat diplomasi strategis untuk meningkatkan posisi tawarnya. / Indonesia-United States bilateral relations represent one of the strategic dynamics in global politics and economics. This study examines the reciprocal tariff negotiations between Indonesia under the leadership of Prabowo Subianto and the United States under the leadership of Donald J. Trump. The study is motivated by trade tensions arising from the United States' protectionist policies, which have affected the competitiveness of Indonesian exports. It aims to analyze how the political dramaturgy of both leaders influenced the negotiation process and outcomes of the reciprocal tariff agreement. This study employs Erving Goffman's dramaturgical theory to examine how political actors construct public images, manage impressions, and perform strategic roles through the front stage and back stage. A qualitative approach was adopted, with data collected through document analysis, official reports, international news sources, Indonesia-United States trade data, and interviews. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation, while the analysis was conducted using a dramaturgical approach. The findings indicate that the reciprocal tariff negotiations were more favorable to the United States. Donald J. Trump successfully utilized his charismatic image, populist rhetoric, and front stage and back stage strategies to exert greater pressure throughout the negotiations. In contrast, Prabowo Subianto was unable to match Trump's negotiating strategy. His displays of patriotism and nationalism remained largely symbolic rather than substantive, as the Indonesian government ultimately adopted compromises accommodating U.S. interests. This outcome demonstrates Prabowo's failure to transform his political image into effective diplomatic leverage. The study concludes that success in international negotiations depends not only on material power but also on actors' ability to construct narratives, manage political representation, and shape public perceptions. Therefore, Indonesia should strengthen its strategic diplomacy to enhance its bargaining position in dealing with major global powers.

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