Analisis Perbedaan Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) terhadap Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) Bank Perekonomian Rakyat (BPR) di Indonesia Pada Saat Bulan Ramadhan dan Non Ramadhan

Gadi, Ade Cristian Fivethor (2025) Analisis Perbedaan Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) terhadap Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) Bank Perekonomian Rakyat (BPR) di Indonesia Pada Saat Bulan Ramadhan dan Non Ramadhan. D3 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh bulan Ramadhan terhadap Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) serta dampaknya terhadap Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) pada Bank Perekonomian Rakyat (BPR) di Indonesia selama periode 2020–2024. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena musiman Ramadhan yang secara signifikan memengaruhi perilaku ekonomi masyarakat, seperti peningkatan konsumsi, penarikan simpanan, dan fluktuasi kemampuan pembayaran kredit. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan desain kausal-komparatif, penelitian ini memanfaatkan data sekunder agregat bulanan yang diperoleh dari publikasi resmi Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). Variabel independen terdiri dari DPK dan NPL, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah LDR. Variabel dummy Ramadhan digunakan untuk membedakan antara periode Ramadhan dan non-Ramadhan. Teknik analisis data meliputi analisis deskriptif, uji beda (Mann-Whitney U Test), dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam nilai DPK dan NPL selama bulan Ramadhan dibandingkan periode lainnya, di mana DPK cenderung menurun akibat meningkatnya konsumsi masyarakat, sedangkan NPL mengalami peningkatan karena penurunan kemampuan bayar pasca-Ramadhan. Selain itu, analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa DPK dan NPL secara simultan memengaruhi LDR BPR baik selama maupun di luar bulan Ramadhan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis terhadap pengembangan literatur behavioral finance serta memberikan implikasi praktis bagi BPR dan regulator dalam menyusun strategi pengelolaan likuiditas dan risiko kredit yang adaptif terhadap siklus musiman keagamaan. / This study aims to analyze the effect of the month of Ramadan on Third-Party Funds (DPK) and Non-Performing Loans (NPL), as well as their impact on the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) in Rural Banks (BPR) in Indonesia during the period 2020–2024. The study is motivated by the seasonal phenomenon of Ramadan, which significantly influences economic behavior, such as increased consumption, withdrawal of savings, and fluctuations in borrowers' repayment capacity. Using a quantitative approach and a causal-comparative research design, this study employs monthly aggregate secondary data obtained from the official publications of the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The independent variables are DPK and NPL, while the dependent variable is LDR. A dummy Ramadan variable is used to differentiate between Ramadan and non-Ramadan periods. The data analysis techniques include descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U Test, and multiple linear regression analysis. The results indicate significant differences in DPK and NPL during Ramadan compared to other periods, where DPK tends to decline due to increased consumption, while NPL rises due to reduced repayment ability after Ramadan. Additionally, regression analysis shows that DPK and NPL simultaneously influence the LDR of BPR both during and outside the month of Ramadan. This study contributes theoretically to the development of behavioral finance literature and offers practical implications for BPRs and regulators in formulating liquidity and credit risk management strategies that are responsive to religious seasonal cycles.

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