The Relationship Between Mother's History of Anemia and Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and The Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers Aged 0–59 Months

Indah, Louise Kartika and Tampubolon, Christine Handayani (2026) The Relationship Between Mother's History of Anemia and Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and The Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers Aged 0–59 Months. KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science, 5 (5). pp. 963-971. ISSN 2808-7178

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Abstract

Introduction: Child growth and development are affected by stunting, a chronic nutritional problem that occurs primarily in communities with low nutritional levels. Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy is a major cause of stunting, including anemia and chronic energy deficiency. Objective:to determine the relationship between maternal anemia and CED history on stunting in toddlers aged 0–59 months. Method: The following study used an analytical design with a retrospective approach. Data were obtained from medical records at the Welamosa Community Health Center and analyzed using the Chi- Square test and logistic regression. Result and Discussion: Of the 147 respondents, 70.7% of toddlers experienced stunting. The analysis results showed that maternal anemia had a significant relationship with stunting (p-value = 0.000, OR = 6.507). CED in mothers also showed a significant relationship with stunting (p-value = 0.008, OR = 3.676). Multivariate analysis showed that anemia was the most dominant factor in stunting compared to CED. Mothers with a history of anemia and chronic kidney disease (CED) are at higher risk of giving birth to stunted children. Conclusions: more optimal nutritional interventions for pregnant women are needed through education, iron supplementation, and regular nutritional status monitoring to prevent stunting and improve maternal and child health.

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