The influence of heating and cooling on the precision and microstructure of 3D printing results with PLA+ material

Antonius, Dicky and Tondang, Steven Austin (2024) The influence of heating and cooling on the precision and microstructure of 3D printing results with PLA+ material. Disseminating Information on the Research of Mechanical Engineering - Jurnal Polimesin Polytechnic of Lhokseumawe, 22 (4). pp. 441-447. ISSN 2549-1999

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Abstract

The objective of this research is to investigate the influence ofheating and cooling parameters on the accuracy andmicrostructure of 3D-printed products. Experimental methodswere conducted by varying the heating and cooling parametersusing PLA+ as the material. The results demonstrate that theheating and cooling parameters of the printing processsignificantly affect the precision and microstructure of 3D printedobjects. Specimen printing was carried out using Ultimaker Cura5.1.0 with a 100% infill density. Printing temperatures were setbetween 200°C and 240°C, with two variations of fan speeds at80 mm/s and 100 mm/s. Other process parameters were keptconstant, including a build plate temperature of 60°C, a grid infillpattern, and a printing speed of 50 mm/s. Three specimens wereprinted for each combination of fan speed and printingtemperature. The printed specimens were measured usingcalipers, and then subjected to heating and cooling at differentroom temperatures before being measured again. The smallestaverage deviation was observed at a nozzle temperature of 240°Cwith fan speeds of 80% and 100%, specifically in specimens B-09(with a bolt height of 17.60 mm, head diameter of 12.70 mm, boltshaft diameter of 6.40 mm, and head thickness of 4.80 mm) andB-10 (with a bolt height of 17.60 mm, head diameter of 12.80mm, bolt shaft diameter of 6.40 mm, and head thickness of 4.80mm). Meanwhile, the microstructure analysis revealed thatexcessively high temperatures during the process could lead toincreased deviations due to a structure resembling melting.

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