Hamonangan, Jordy Adonia (2025) Kekecewaan Pemuda Terhadap Presiden Olusegun Obasanjo: Boko Haram Akibat Westernisasi Di Nigeria. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pembentukan dan perkembangan Boko Haram sebagai bentuk perlawanan terhadap kebijakan westernisasi yang diterapkan oleh Presiden Olusegun Obasanjo di Nigeria. Permasalahan utama yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kebijakan modernisasi ekonomi dan pendidikan yang bercorak Barat menimbulkan kekecewaan dan frustasi di kalangan pemuda Muslim Nigeria Utara, yang kemudian menjadi pemicu lahirnya gerakan radikal Boko Haram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif analitis. Data diperoleh melalui studi literatur yang mencakup buku, jurnal ilmiah, laporan organisasi internasional, serta artikel berita. Tiga pendekatan teoritik digunakan untuk menganalisis fenomena ini: teori Frustrasi-Agresi oleh Johannes Breuer, konsep Non Traditional Security (NTS) oleh Scott Romaniuk, dan teori Transnational Radicalism oleh Margaret Keck. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa westernisasi yang dilakukan Obasanjo melalui privatisasi, deregulasi pasar, serta pendidikan sekuler gagal memperhatikan konteks sosial dan budaya masyarakat utara yang memiliki akar Islam kuat. Ketimpangan pembangunan antara utara dan selatan serta diskriminasi struktural menyebabkan kekecewaan yang meluas di kalangan pemuda. Frustrasi sistemik ini menciptakan ruang subur bagi lahirnya agresi dalam bentuk perlawanan ideologis dan kekerasan kolektif. Boko Haram kemudian berkembang menjadi ancaman keamanan non-tradisional dan menjalin afiliasi transnasional dengan kelompok jihad global. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa marginalisasi sosial dan ekonomi akibat kebijakan westernisasi dapat menjadi pemicu utama radikalisasi. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan yang inklusif dan sensitif terhadap realitas lokal dalam perumusan kebijakan nasional. Kata Kunci: Boko Haram, Westernisasi, Frustrasi-Agresi, Keamanan Non Tradisional, Radikalisme Transnasional / This study aims to analyze the formation and development of Boko Haram as a form of resistance to the Westernization policies implemented by President Olusegun Obasanjo in Nigeria. The main problem addressed is how Western-style economic and educational modernization policies triggered frustration and disappointment among Muslim youth in Northern Nigeria, eventually leading to the rise of the radical group Boko Haram. The research adopts a qualitative approach using descriptive-analytical methods. Data were collected through literature review, including academic journals, books, international reports, and news articles. The study employs three theoretical frameworks: the Frustration-Aggression Theory by Johannes Breuer, the concept of Non-Traditional Security (NTS) by Scott Romaniuk, and the theory of Transnational Radicalism by Margaret Keck. Findings reveal that Obasanjo’s Westernization agenda, including privatization, market deregulation, and secular education, failed to consider the Islamic socio-cultural context of the northern region. Structural discrimination and development imbalance between the north and south led to widespread frustration among youth. This systemic frustration created fertile ground for aggression in the form of ideological resistance and collective violence. Boko Haram later evolved into a non-traditional security threat and formed transnational affiliations with global jihadist networks. The study concludes that socio-economic marginalization caused by exclusive Westernization policies can be a major catalyst for radicalization. It highlights the importance of inclusive and context-sensitive policy-making in multicultural and multi religious societies. Keywords: Boko Haram, Westernization, Frustration-Aggression, Non-Traditional Security, Transnational Radicalism
Item Type: | Thesis (S1) | ||||||||
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Subjects: | POLITICAL SCIENCE > Political institutions and public administration (Asia, Africa, Australia, Pacific Area, etc.) > Africa POLITICAL SCIENCE > Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration POLITICAL SCIENCE > International relations POLITICAL SCIENCE > International relations > The armed conflict. War and order |
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Divisions: | FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK > Ilmu Hubungan Internasional | ||||||||
Depositing User: | Mr Jordy Adonia Hamonangan | ||||||||
Date Deposited: | 07 Oct 2025 02:09 | ||||||||
Last Modified: | 10 Oct 2025 01:39 | ||||||||
URI: | http://repository.uki.ac.id/id/eprint/19914 |
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