Resolusi Konflik dan Pembangunan Perdamaian di Bougainville

Kogoya, Rudi (2022) Resolusi Konflik dan Pembangunan Perdamaian di Bougainville. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini berusaha mendeskripsikan proses resolusi konflik dan pembangunan perdamaian di Bougainville. Konflik Bougainville yang meletus pada 1988 merupakan konflik yang paling mematikan di Pasifik setelah perang dunia ke-II. Penyebab konflik ini juga sangat beragam yang dimulai dari adanya perasaan perbedaan etnis yang kemudian diperparah dengan hadirnya tambang Panguna. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan teori resolusi konflik Johan Galtung dan pembangunan perdamaian oleh Austhosh Varshney. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif peneliti akan menganalisa data-data yang diperoleh melalui teknik wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menemukan adanya peran aktif aktor eksternal seperti Selandia Baru, Australia dan negara-negara pasifik lainya. Proses pembangunan perdamaian dilakukan berdasarkan nilai kebudayaan yang ada. Namun perdamaian yang dihasilkan masih berupa perdamaian negatif. Kata Kunci: PNG, Bougainville, Konflik, Resolusi Konflik, Pembangunan Perdamaian / This study attempts to describe the process of conflict resolution and peacebuilding in Bougainville. The Bougainville conflict, which erupted in 1988, was the deadliest conflict in the Pacific since World War II. The causes of this conflict are also very diverse, starting with feelings of ethnic differences which were then exacerbated by the presence of the Panguna mine. This research uses Johan Galtung's theoretical approach to conflict resolution and peace building by Austhosh Varshney. By using a qualitative approach the researcher will analyze the data obtained through interview techniques and literature study. This study found the active role of external actors such as New Zealand, Australia and other pacific countries. The peace building process is carried out based on existing cultural values. However, the resulting peace is still a negative peace. Keywords: PNG, Bougainville, Conflict, Conflict Resolution, Peacebuilding.

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