Profil Pasien Rinosinusitis Kronik di RS UKI Periode Januari-Desember 2018

Siboro, Agristina Romaito (2020) Profil Pasien Rinosinusitis Kronik di RS UKI Periode Januari-Desember 2018. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang. Rinosinusitis kronik (RSK) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang berdampak pada aspek sosio-ekonomi masyarakat dunia khususnya di Indonesia. RSK didefinisikan sebagai peradangan mukosa cavum nasi pada hidung dan juga sinus paranasal yang ditandai dengan dua atau lebih gejala yang berlangsung selama ≥12 minggu. Dengan gejala utama berupa penyumbatan hidung/ kongesti/ nasal discharge (anterior/ posterior nasal drip), nyeri/ tekanan wajah, pengurangan atau kehilangan bau. Penyebab umum dari kasus RSK ialah infeksi (virus, bakteri, dan jamur), selain itu penyakit ini dapat dipengaruhi dari beberapa faktor, yakni faktor penjamu (alergi, kelainan anatomi, genetic) dan faktor lingkungan (merokok dan pekerjaan). Sehingga penyakit ini dikatakan bersifat multifaktor. Tujuan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui profil RSK berdasarkan kriteria usia, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, keluhan utama, dan keluhan tambahan dari pasien RSK. Metode. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan studi retrospektif yang diperoleh dari rekam medik pasien sebagai parameter variabel yang akan diteliti. Hasil. Pada Januari-Desember 2018 ada 30 pasien berobat ke RS UKI, dengan distribusi frekuensi pasien terbanyak berada pada usia > dari 40 tahun sebanyak 14 orang (46,7%), lalu jenis kelamin terbanyak ialah perempuan yaitu sebanyak 17 orang (56,7%), pekerjaan yang paling banyak ditemukan ialah pegawai swasta dan ibu rumah tangga/ tidak bekerja sebanyak 11 orang (36,7%), kemudian untuk keluhan utama yang paling banyak dijumpai ialah hidung tersumbat sebanyak 19 orang (63,3%), sedangkan keluhan tambahan yang paling banyak ialah sakit kepala sebanyak 14 orang (46,7%). Kesimpulan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa RSK paling banyak terjadi pada usia dewasa, jenis kelamin perempuan, pegawai swasta dan ibu rumah tangga/ tidak bekerja sebagai pekerjaan yang sering dijumpai, keluhan utama yang sering dirasakan ialah hidung tersumbat, dan keluhan tambahannya ialah sakit kepala. Kata kunci: Rinosinusitis Kronik, Profil, Kriteria. / Introduction. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the health problem that has an impact on the socio-economic aspects in the world community, especially in Indonesia. CRS is defined as inflammation of the nasal mucosa of the nasal cavity as well as the paranasal sinuses characterized by two or more symptoms lasting ≥12 weeks. The main symptoms are nasal obstruction / congestion / nasal discharge (anterior / posterior nasal drip), facial pain / pressure, reduction or loss of smell. The common cause of CRS cases is infection (virus, bacteria, and fungi), besides this disease can be influenced by several factors, namely host factors (allergies, anatomical abnormalities, genetics) and environmental factors (smoking and working). So that this disease is said to be multifactorial. Objectives. The purpose of this study is to determine the CRS profile based on the criteria of age, gender, occupation, main complaints, and additional complaints from CRS patients. Methods. This research is a descriptive by using a retrospective study obtained from the patient's medical record as a variable parameter to be studied. Result. On January-December 2018, there were 30 patients seeking treatment at UKI Hospital, with the most frequent distribution of patients aged >40 years around 14 people (46.7%), then the largest gender was women, namely 17 people (56.7% ), the occupations most often found were private employees and housewives / don't have occupations around 11 people (36.7%), then for the main complaint that was most often found was nasal congestion around 19 people (63.3%), while complaints the most common addition was headache around 14 people (46.7%). Conclusion. It can be concluded that CRS occurs mostly in adulthood, female sex, private employees and housewives / don't have occupations as a job that is often encountered, the main complaint that is often felt is nasal congestion, and an additional complaint is headache. Key words: Chronic rhinosinusitis, Profile, Criteria. / Introduction. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the health problem that has an impact on the socio-economic aspects in the world community, especially in Indonesia. CRS is defined as inflammation of the nasal mucosa of the nasal cavity as well as the paranasal sinuses characterized by two or more symptoms lasting ≥12 weeks. The main symptoms are nasal obstruction / congestion / nasal discharge (anterior / posterior nasal drip), facial pain / pressure, reduction or loss of smell. The common cause of CRS cases is infection (virus, bacteria, and fungi), besides this disease can be influenced by several factors, namely host factors (allergies, anatomical abnormalities, genetics) and environmental factors (smoking and working). So that this disease is said to be multifactorial. Objectives. The purpose of this study is to determine the CRS profile based on the criteria of age, gender, occupation, main complaints, and additional complaints from CRS patients. Methods. This research is a descriptive by using a retrospective study obtained from the patient's medical record as a variable parameter to be studied. Result. On January-December 2018, there were 30 patients seeking treatment at UKI Hospital, with the most frequent distribution of patients aged >40 years around 14 people (46.7%), then the largest gender was women, namely 17 people (56.7% ), the occupations most often found were private employees and housewives / don't have occupations around 11 people (36.7%), then for the main complaint that was most often found was nasal congestion around 19 people (63.3%), while complaints the most common addition was headache around 14 people (46.7%). Conclusion. It can be concluded that CRS occurs mostly in adulthood, female sex, private employees and housewives / don't have occupations as a job that is often encountered, the main complaint that is often felt is nasal congestion, and an additional complaint is headache. Key words: Chronic rhinosinusitis, Profile, Criteria.

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