Peranan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa dalam Penyelesaian Perang Saudara di Yaman

Sinaga, Gabriella Sintia (2024) Peranan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa dalam Penyelesaian Perang Saudara di Yaman. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Konflik di Yaman adalah salah satu konflik terburuk di wilayah Timur Tengah, dengan jumlah korban perang yang sangat tinggi, dan telah menyebabkan krisis kemanusiaan pada tahun 2018. Konflik ini semakin parah karena banyaknya aktor yang hadir di Yaman sehingga menyebabkan konflik meningkat dan sulit mencapai perdamaian. PBB memulai intervensinya di Yaman pada tahun 2015, melalui mandate Resolusi Dewan Keamanan 2216, yang menguraikan upaya menuju solusi damai dengan mengutamakan peran jasa baik dari Sekretaris Jenderal PBB. Hal ini langsung direspon dengan mengirimkan utusan khusus ke Yaman sebagai wakil Sekretaris Jenderal PBB dan sebagai bukti kehadiran PBB dalam menyelesaikan konflik di Yaman. Kehadiran PBB untuk pertama kalinya dalam upaya penyelesaian konflik di Yaman tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap situasi konflik. Namun, di penghujung tahun 2018, melalui Perjanjian Stockholm (Stockholm Agreement), situasi konflik berubah. Pada tahun 2019 hingga adanya gencatan senjata 2022 yang disponsori oleh PBB, konflik berangsur membaik dan intensitas konflik berkurang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori peran organisasi internasional dan konsep resolusi konflik. Untuk mendukung pendekatan penelitian yang telah ditetapkan, peneliti mengimplementasikan metode penelitian studi kasus yang dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan melakukan pengumpulan, analisis, dan validasi data sekunder, dengan tujuan mendapatkan penelitian yang dapat dipercaya. Hasil dari penelitian ini, menunjukkan bahwa peranan PBB efektif dalam menangani perang saudara di Yaman. Sikap PBB yang secara universal mampu menciptakan perubahan yang merujuk pada mencapai kesepakatan dan berkurangnya eskalasi konflik tanpa merugikan salah satu pihak. / The conflict in Yemen is one of the worst conflicts in the Middle East region, with a very high number of war casualties, and has caused a humanitarian crisis in 2018. The conflict is exacerbated by the number of actors present in Yemen, causing the conflict to escalate and making it difficult to achieve peace. The UN began its intervention in Yemen in 2015, through the mandate of Security Council Resolution 2216, which outlined efforts towards a peaceful solution by prioritizing the good offices role of the UN Secretary-General. This was immediately responded to by sending a special envoy to Yemen as the representative of the UN Secretary General and as evidence of the UN's presence in resolving the conflict in Yemen. The presence of the UN for the first time in an effort to resolve the conflict in Yemen did not have an effect on the conflict situation. However, at the end of 2018, through the Stockholm Agreement, the conflict situation changed. In 2019 until the UN-sponsored 2022 ceasefire, the conflict gradually improved and the intensity of the conflict decreased. This research uses the theory of the role of international organizations and the concept of conflict resolution. To support the established research approach, the researcher implemented a qualitatively analyzed case study research method by collecting, analyzing, and validating secondary data, with the aim of obtaining reliable research. The results of this study show that the UN's role is effective in dealing with the civil war in Yemen. The UN's universal stance is able to create changes that refer to reaching an agreement and reducing the escalation of the conflict without harming other parties.

Item Type: Thesis (S1)
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorHutabarat, Leonard FelixNIDN8821640017lfhutabarat@gmail.com
Subjects: POLITICAL SCIENCE > International relations > International organizations and associations
POLITICAL SCIENCE > International relations > Humanitarian aspects of war
Divisions: FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK > Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Depositing User: Users 4954 not found.
Date Deposited: 01 Jul 2024 02:18
Last Modified: 12 Aug 2024 09:25
URI: http://repository.uki.ac.id/id/eprint/14963

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