Analisis Kesalahan Penulisan Aksara Han pada Siswa Kelas X SMA 2 PSKD

Mahvi, Kanez (2022) Analisis Kesalahan Penulisan Aksara Han pada Siswa Kelas X SMA 2 PSKD. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penulisan aksara Han harus menggunakan kaidah 笔画 bǐhuà dan 笔顺 bǐshùn agar aksara yang dimaksud tidak salah dan menyebabkan kesalahan penyampaian informasi. Dari hasil dengar pendapat bersama guru bahasa mandarin SMA 2 PSKD ditemukan bahwa siswa kelas X banyak yang melakukan kesalahan pada penulisan 汉字 hànzì, yang berakibat berkurangnya nilai pada tugas-tugas dan ulangan harian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengambarkan jenis kesalahan penulisan 汉字 hànzì dan menjelaskan alasan penyebabnya pada siswa kelas X SMA 2 PSKD. Metode penelitian yang penulis lakukan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian kualitatif menghasilkan dan mengolah data yang bersifat deskriptif seperti foto, video, gambar, trasnkrip wawancara untuk menggambarkan sifat fenomena sesuatu yang tengah terjadi atau berlangsung pada saat penelitian dilakukan dan memeriksa penyebab dari suatu fenomena tersebut. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan tes dan angket. Hasil dari analisis kesalahan penulisan pada tes 笔画 bǐhuà siswa melakukan kesalahan penulisan guratan tak sejajar skornya 23,5%, panjang guratan skornya 19,7%, guratan tidak ada skornya 15%, kesalahan beruntun sebesar10%, kurang guratan skornya 8,5%, Guratan Menempel skornya 7,8%, posisi guratan skornya 7,5%, guratan tak lengkap skornya 4,4%, tidak mengisi skornya 1,3%, kelebihan guratan skornya 0,9%, guratan patah skornya 0,9%, arah guratan skornya 0,3%. kesalahan penulisan pada tes 笔顺 bǐshùn guratan patah sebesar 38%, salah urutan skornya 38%, kurang urutan skornya 21%, dan guratan menempel skornya 3%. Hasil analisis angket minat dan motivasi siswa skornya 69%, kesiapan belajar siswa skornya 59%, fasilitas belajar siswa skornya 71%, dan pemahaman materi belajar siswa skornya 54%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini, bahwa siswa kelas X SMA 2 PSKD masih belum sepenuhnya memahami materi tentang tata cara penulisan hanzi yaitu 笔画 bǐhuà dan 笔顺 bǐshùn sehingga menyebabkan siswa sering melakukan kesalahan penulisan pada guratan hanzi. / Writing Han characters needs to follow the rules of 笔画 bǐhuà and 笔顺 bǐshùn so that the characters in question are not incorrect and cause errors in conveying information. Based on an interview with the Chinese language teacher of SMA 2 PSKD, many first grade students still make mistakes in writing Han characters, which has an impact on the results of the daily test assessment. This research aims to describe the forms of Han characters writing errors and the factors that cause them on first grade students of SMA 2 PSKD. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, qualitative research produces and processes descriptive data such as photos, videos, images, interview transcripts to describe the nature of the phenomenon of something that is happening or taking place at the time the research is conducted and examine the causes of a phenomenon. The data were collected by test sheet and questionnaire The results of the writing error analysis on the 笔画 bǐhuà test showed that students writing errors are stroke misalignment is 23.5%, stroke length is 19.7%, non-existing strokes is 15%, multiple strokes is 10%, stroke omission is 8.5%, stroke attachment is 7.8%, stroke position is 7.5%, incomplete strokes is 4.4%, not filling in is 1.3%, stroke addition is 0.9%, broken stroke is 0.9%, stroke direction is 0.3%. The results of the writing error analysis on the笕顺 bǐshùn test are broken strokes is 38%, incorrect order is 38%, incomplete order is 21%, and stroke attachment is 3%. The results of questionnaire analysis on student interest and motivation is 69%, student learning readiness is 59%, student learning facilities is 71%, and student understanding of learning materials is 54%. The conclusion of this research is that there are still many students who do not write Han characters according to the rules of 笔画 bǐhuà and 笔顺 bǐshùn, and based on the questionnaire analysis, there are still many students who do not understand the learning material about writing Han characters. / 书写汉字需要遵循笔画和笔顺的规则，以免汉字写错而造成信息传达错误。 据对 SMA 2 PSKD中文老师的采访，很多一年级学生在写汉字时仍然会出现错误，这对日常考试评估的结果产生了影响。 本研究旨在描述 SMA 2 PSKD 一年级学生汉字书写错误的形式及其造成的因素。 所使用的研究方法是描述性定性，定性研究产生并处理描述性数据，例如照片、视频、图像、访谈笔录，以描述研究进行时正在发生或正在发生的事物现象的本质，并检查研究的结果。 现象的原因。 数据通过测试表和问卷收集。 笔画测试的书写错误分析结果显示，学生的书写错误为, 笔画错位率为 23.5%，笔画长度为 19.7%，不存在笔画为 15%，多笔画为 10%，笔画遗漏为 8.5%，笔画附着为 7.8%，笔画位置为7.5%，笔画不完整为 4.4%，未填充为 1.3%, 笔画添加为 0.9%, 笔画断裂为 0.9% , 笔画方向为 0.3%。 笔顺测试的书写错误分析结果为, 笔画断裂为 38%，笔顺错误为 38%，笔顺不完整为 21%，笔画附着为 3%。 问卷分析结果显示，学生的兴趣和动机为 69%，学生的学习准备度为 59%，学生的学习设施为 71%，学生对学习材料的理解为 54%。 本研究的结论是，仍有不少学生不按照“笔画”、“笔顺”的规则书写汉字，并且根据问卷分析，仍有不少学生不理解书写汉字的学习材料。

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