Hubungan Anemia pada Kehamilan terhadap Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Koja Periode 2021

Nirvananda, Citra Ayu (2023) Hubungan Anemia pada Kehamilan terhadap Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Koja Periode 2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Gizi buruk di Indonesia berkontribusi terhadap sejumlah masalah, termasuk anemia. Kekurangan zat besi dapat menyebabkan anemia, yang dapat menjadi lebih parah selama kehamilan. Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dapat meningkat akibat anemia. Faktor lain pada AKI dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan fisik janin, bahaya berat badan lahir rendah, kerusakan kognitif anak, dan peningkatan morbiditas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kejadian BBLR dengan perkembangan anemia selama kehamilan. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional, dan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari rekam medis RSUD Koja. Sebanyak 240 ibu bersalin di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Koja tahun 2021 menjadi responden. Hasil penelitian antara anemia pada ibu hamil dengan kejadian berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) di RSUD Koja periode tahun 2021 didapatkan 186 bayi BBLR, dimana 144 (77%) diantaranya lahir dari ibu yang mengalami anemia saat masih anak-anak. Hasilnya, penelitian menemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara anemia dan BBLR (p-value 0,033). Kesimpulan: Kondisi subjek penelitian yang berhubungan dengan anemia selama kehamilan dapat berdampak pada perkiraan berat lahir anak. Oleh karena itu, tenaga kesehatan harus berperan lebih aktif dalam mengedukasi ibu hamil tentang anemia agar dapat menurunkan kejadian BBLR. Kata kunci: anemia, ibu hamil, berat badan lahir rendah, BBLR. / Poor nutrition in Indonesia contributes to a number of problems, including anemia. Iron deficiency can cause anemia, which can become more severe during pregnancy. Maternal mortality may increase due to anemia. Effects on fetal physical development, danger of low birth weight, child cognitive impairment, and increased morbidity are other factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the incidence of LBW.R with the development of anemia during pregnancy. The design of this study was cross-sectional, and secondary data were collected from medical records. A total of 240 mothers giving birth at Koja Regional General Hospital (RSUD) in 2021 became respondents. The results of the study between anemia in pregnant women and the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) at Koja Regional General Hospital in 2021 were 186 LBW babies, of which 144 (77%) were born to mothers who experienced anemia as children. As a result, the study found a significant relationship between anemia and LBW (p-value 0.033). Based on the findings of this study. Conclusion: Respondents' conditions associated with anemia during pregnancy can have an impact on the estimated birth weight of the child. Therefore, health workers should play a more active role in educating pregnant women about anemia in order to reduce the incidence of LBW Keywords: anemia, pregnant women, low birth weight, LBW

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