Hubungan Asupan Zat Besi dengan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Mahasiswa Falkutas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia Angkatan 2021

Natalia, Wanda Ezhara (2023) Hubungan Asupan Zat Besi dengan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Mahasiswa Falkutas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia Angkatan 2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Kurangnya asupan protein akan mengakibatkan transportasi zat besi terhambat serta mengurangi pembentukan hemoglobin sebagai protein senyawa, yang terdapat dalam sel darah merah, yang berguna untuk mengangkut oksigen dan karbondioksida dalam tubuh. Tingkat konsumsi protein mempunyai hubungan erat dengan hemoglobin, dimana protein akan mengikat zat besi di dalam tubuh. Apabila asupan zat besi kurang maka dapat menyebabkan produksi sel darah merah terganggu dan menyebabkan anemia. Penduduk dunia yang mengalami anemia berjumlah sekitar 30% atau 2,20 miliar orang serta prevalensi anemia secara global sekitar 51%. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan zat besi terhadap kadar hemoglobin. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional dan menggunakan data primer sebagai instrumen penelitian, yang diperoleh dari hasil pengambilan darah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia Angkatan 2021 untuk pemeriksaan laboratorium menggunakan metode Hematology Analyzer dan formulir Food Recall 2x24 jam. Digunakan metode teknik purposive sampling sehingga mendapat 72 sampel pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian adalah diketahui 59 mahasiswa (81.9%) tidak anemia dan 13 mahasiswa (18,1%) mengalami anemia. Sebanyak 12 siswa (16,7%) dengan angka kecukupan zat besi kurang dan 60 mahasiswa (83,3%) dengan angka kecukupan zat besi cukup. Hasil uji Chi-Square didapatkan p-value 0,000 (p < 0,05) antara asupan zat besi dengan kadar hemoglobin. Dengan hal ini, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan zat besi dengan kadar hemoglobin. Kata Kunci: Hemoglobin, Zat Besi, Anemia, Status Gizi. / Lack of protein intake will result in hampered transport of iron and reduce the formation of hemoglobin as a protein compound, which is found in red blood cells, which is useful for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. The level of protein consumption has a close relationship with hemoglobin, which is a protein that binds iron in the body. If iron intake is lacking, it can cause red blood cell production to be disrupted and cause anemia. The world's population with anemia is around 30% or 2.20 billion people and the global prevalence of anemia is around 51%. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between iron intake and hemoglobin levels. This study used a descriptive analytic research design with a cross-sectional approach and used primary data as a research instrument, which was obtained from the results of taking blood from students of the Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia class of 2021 for laboratory examinations using the Hematology Analyzer method and the 2x24 hour Food Recall form. The purposive sampling technique method was used to get 72 samples in this study. The results showed that 59 students (81.9%) were not anemic and 13 students (18.1%) had anemia. There were 12 students (16.7%) with low iron adequacy rate and 60 students (83.3%) with sufficient iron adequacy rate. The results of the Chi-Square test obtained a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05) between iron intake and hemoglobin levels. With this, there is a significant relationship between iron intake and hemoglobin levels. Keywords: Hemoglobin, Iron, Anemia, Nutritional Status

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