Karakteristik dan Faktor Risiko Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Hermina Jatinegara Periode Juli 2020 – Desember 2022

Putri, Nadia (2023) Karakteristik dan Faktor Risiko Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Hermina Jatinegara Periode Juli 2020 – Desember 2022. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan tipe diabetes dengan kasus terbanyak di dunia yaitu sekitar 90%. Pada umumnya DMT2 terjadi akibat adanya resistensi insulin yang diikuti oleh penurunan produksi insulin secara bertahap akibat disfungsi sel beta pankreas. Beberapa faktor risiko DMT2 adalah usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan terakhir, etnis, obesitas, dan riwayat hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan faktor risiko pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Umum Hermina Jatinegara. Metode penelitian yang digunakana adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan desain studi cross-sectional retrospektif. Jumlah sampel ditentukan menggunakan metode total sampling. Pasien yang terdiagnosis diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan melakukan pengobatan di poli penyakit dalam RSU Hermina Jatinegara pada Juli 2020 – Desember 2022 terdapat 143 pasien, tetapi hanya 105 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria seleksi dan dapat dijadikan sampel penelitian. Data penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan diagram. Pada penelitian ini analisis hasil terbanyak berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan terakhir, suku, IMT, dan riwayat hipertensi yaitu: 41 orang (39%) dari kelompok usia 48-57 tahun, 66 orang (62,9%) berjenis kelamin perempuan, 67 orang (63,8%) tamat SMA, 62 orang (59%) dari suku Jawa, 41 orang (39%) dengan IMT 25,0-29,0 atau obesitas derajat I, dan 70 orang (66,7%) memiliki riwayat hipertensi. Kata Kunci: diabetes melitus tipe 2, faktor risiko, karakteristik. / Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is the most common type of diabetes worldwide, accounting for approximately 90% of cases. Generally, DMT2 occurs due to insulin resistance followed by a gradual decrease in insulin production resulting from dysfunction of the pancreatic beta cells. Several risk factors for DMT2 include age, gender, education level, ethnicity, obesity, and a history of hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Hermina Jatinegara General Hospital. The research method used was descriptive research with a retrospective cross-sectional study design. The sample size was determined using the total sampling method. There were 143 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and undergoing treatment at the internal medicine clinic at Hermina Jatinegara General Hospital in July 2020 – December 2022, but only 105 patients met the selection criteria and could be used as research samples. The study data was analyzed descriptively and presented in the form of tables and diagrams. The analysis of the highest results in this study based on age, sex, education level, ethnicity, BMI, and history of hypertension are as follows: 41 people (39%) from the age group 48-57 years, 66 people (62.9%) are female, 67 people (63.8%) graduated from high school, 62 people (59%) are of Javanese ethnicity, 41 people (39%) have a BMI of 25.0-29.0 or grade I obesity, and 70 people (66.7%) have a history of hypertension. Keywords: characteristics, risk factors, type 2 diabetes mellitus

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