Preventive Review Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Sebagai Sebuah Ius Constituendum

Sanny, Honing (2021) Preventive Review Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Sebagai Sebuah Ius Constituendum. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

A. Nama : Honing Sanny B. NIM : 1902190040 C. Judul : Preventive Review Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Sebagai Sebuah Ius Constituendum. D. Jumlah halaman: xi + 5 Bab (254 hal) + Daftar Pustaka (15 hal) + lapiran (108 hal) E. Kata Kunci : Preventive Review, Abstract Review, A priori Review, menguji Rancangan Undang-Undang, F. Isi Abstrak : Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia (MK RI) merupakan lembaga negara yang dihasilkan berdasarkan sebuah kesepakatan politik agar ada sebuah lembaga judicial yang mempunyai kewenangan untuk menguji materi muatan undang-undang terhadap UUD 1945 yang secara prinsip tidak boleh bertentangan. Pengujian yang dikenal dengan istilah uji materi atau dalam dunia ketatanegaraaan disebut dengan istilah judicial review. MK RI sekaligus sebagai penanda tumbuh dan berkembangnya demokrasi di Indonesia dimana warga negara disediakan ruang untuk melakukan pengujian terhadap produk undang-undang yang dihasilkan oleh DPR dan Pemerintah sebagai law maker, bilasaja beranggapan merugikan hak dan eksitensi sebagai warga negara. Hal yang sama juga berlaku hampir di semua negara-negara demokrasi baru di dunia setelah melepaskan diri dari rejim yang otoriter dan tidak demokratis. Meskipun demikian Mahkamah Konstitusi di negara-negara yang sudah lebih dahulu menerapkan pengujian terhadap undang-undang justru memberi ruang dan lebih memprioritasnya sehingga memungkinkan MK menguji sebuah produk rancangan undang-undang yang masih bersifat asbtrak atau a priori apabila para pembuatnya meyakini apabila rancangan tersebut disetujui menjadi undang-undang berpotensi merugikan warga negara. Sementara MK RI yang diatur dalam UUD 1945 Pasal 24C, sebagai the guardian of constitution justru tidak memiliki kewenangan untuk mengawasi dan menguji sebuah rancangan undang-undang sebagai suatu tindakan preventif (preventive preview) yang diperkirakan potensial akan merugikan hak-hak warga negara. Dengan semakin terjaminnya hak-hak politik warga negara disertai berkembangnya dinamika masyarakat, ada pemikiran untuk memberi tambahan kewenangan kepada MK RI agar juga dapat melakukan pengujian terhadap suatu rancangan undang-undang sekaligus sebagai suatu tindakan preventif (preventive preview). G. Daftar Buku : 121 judul buku + 10 jurnal + 7 UU/Peraturan + 3 Artikel H. Dosen : 1. Prof. Dr. John Pieres, SH, MS, MH. - Pembimbing 1 2. Dr. Daniel Yusmic P. Foekh, SH, MH. - Pembimbing 2./ A. Name : Honing Sanny B. NIM : 1902190040 C. Title : Preventive Review of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia as an Ius Constituendum. D. Number of pages: xi + 5 chapters (254 pages) + Bibliography (15 pages) + appendices (108 pages) E. Keywords: Preventive Review, Abstract Review, A priori Review, testing the Draft Law, F. Abstract Contents : The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia (MK RI) is a state institution that was produced based on a political agreement so that there is a judicial institution that has the authority to examine the material content of the law against the 1945 Constitution which in principle should not conflict. The test which is known as the material test or in the world of state administration is called the judicial review. The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia as well as a marker of the growth and development of democracy in Indonesia where citizens are provided with space to conduct tests on the products of law produced by the DPR and the Government as law makers, if they think it is detrimental to their rights and existence as citizens. The same is true in almost all new democracies in the world after breaking away from authoritarian and undemocratic regimes. However, the Constitutional Courts in countries that have previously implemented judicial review of the law have given space and prioritized it so that it allows the Court to test a draft law product that is still abstract or a priori if the makers believe that the draft is approved as a draft law. the law has the potential to harm citizens. Meanwhile, the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia which is regulated in Article 24C of the 1945 Constitution, as the guardian of the constitution does not have the authority to supervise and examine a draft law as a preventive measure which is estimated to potentially harm the rights of citizens. With the increasingly guaranteed political rights of citizens along with the development of community dynamics, there is an idea to give additional authority to the Indonesian Constitutional Court so that it can also test a draft law as well as a preventive action (preventive preview). G. Book List : 121 book titles + 10 journals + 7 laws/regulations + 3 articles H. Lecturer : 1. Prof. Dr. John Pieres, SH, MS, MH. - Advisor 1 2. Dr. Daniel Yusmic P. Foekh, SH, MH. - Supervisor 2.

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