Profil Kadar D-Dimer Pada Pasien Terkonfirmasi Positif COVID-19 Di RS UKI Periode Desember 2020 - September 2021

Damanik, Agriva Taufan Vicani (2022) Profil Kadar D-Dimer Pada Pasien Terkonfirmasi Positif COVID-19 Di RS UKI Periode Desember 2020 - September 2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Infeksi COVID-19 dapat menyebabkan gangguan di luar paru seperti peradangan sistemik yang membuat jejas endotel pembuluh darah, dan memicu aktivasi trombosit, respons imun selular dan humoral. Aktivasi trombosit akan membentuk trombin dan mengalami degradasi menjadi fibrin. Peningkatan pada degradasi fibrin dapat dilihat dari peningkatan kadar D-Dimer. Kadar D-Dimer dapat menjadi sumber informasi untuk prognosis adanya risiko perburukan pada pasien COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar D-Dimer pada pasien COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan desain penelitian retrospektif cross sectional. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh rekam medik pasien yang menderita COVID-19 dan sudah diperiksa kadar D-Dimer pada rawat inap di RSU UKI pada periode Desember 2020 sampai dengan September 2021 berjumlah 148 sampel. Data tersebut akan diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Chi-Square Test. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat 130 pasien (87.8%) COVID-19 yang memiliki kadar D-Dimer normal dan 18 pasien (12.2%) yang mengalami peningkatan kadar D-Dimer. Diperoleh p-value 0.677, yang berarti bahwa tidak terdapat suatu hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara gejala klinis dengan kadar D-Dimer yang meningkat pada pasien COVID-19. Tetapi terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara pemberian antikoagulan dengan kadar D-Dimer yang meningkat pada pasien COVID-19 dengan p-value 0.024. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pasien yang memiliki kadar D-Dimer normal lebih banyak daripada yang meningkat, dan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pemberian antikoagulan dengan kadar D-Dimer pada penderita COVID-19 dengan gejala sedang dan berat, namun pada gejala ringan peneliti tidak menemukan hubungan yang bermakna./ COVID-19 infection can cause extrapulmonary disorders such as systemic inflammation that injures vascular endothelium, and triggers platelet activation, cellular and humoral immune responses. Activation of platelets will form thrombin and degrade to fibrin. The increase in fibrin degradation can be seen from the increase in D-Dimer levels. D-Dimer levels can be a source of information for the prognosis of the risk of worsening in COVID-19 patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of D-Dimer in COVID-19 patients. This type of research is an analitic study with a cross-sectional retrospective research design. The research sample was all medical records of patients suffering from COVID-19 and had been checked for D-Dimer levels in inpatients at UKI General Hospital in the period December 2020 to September 2021 totaling 148 samples. The data will be processed and analyzed using the Chi-Square Test. From the results of the study, it was found that there were 130 patients (87.8%) of COVID-19 who had normal D-Dimer levels and 18 patients (12.2%) who had elevated D-Dimer levels. Obtained a p-value of 0.677, which means that there is no statistically significant relationship between clinical symptoms and increased levels of D-Dimer in COVID-19 patients. However, there is a statistically significant relationship between the administration of anticoagulants and an increase in D-Dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with a p-value of 0.024. It can be concluded that patients who have normal D-Dimer levels more than elevated and there is a significant relationship between anticoagulation and D-Dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with moderate and severe symptoms, but the researchers did not find a significant relationship with mild symptoms.

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