Alasan Donald Trump Mengeluarkan Presidential Proclamation 9645 dalam Memerangi Terorisme

Arimatea, Rachel Nathanael (2019) Alasan Donald Trump Mengeluarkan Presidential Proclamation 9645 dalam Memerangi Terorisme. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Skripsi ini bertujuan menjelaskan alasan Donald Trump mengeluarkan Presidential Proclamation 9645 (PP 9645). Kebijakan imigrasi ini menjadi isu kontroversial dalam politik global. Kebijakan ini bertujuan untuk melarang imigran dari beberapa negara Muslim memasuki Amerika Serikat dan mencegah masuknya teroris. Skripsi ini menggunakan teori pengambilan keputusan yang dicetuskan oleh William D. Coplin dan konsep terorisme. Coplin membagi alasan pengambilan keputusan ke dalam tiga hal, yaitu: politik domestik, kapabilitas ekonomi dan militer, dan konteks internasional. Konsep terorisme digunakan untuk menjelaskan latar belakang ancaman terorisme di AS. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan sumber data primer (wawancara pakar kebijakan AS) dan data sekunder (buku, jurnal, website). Skripsi ini menemukan beberapa alasan pengambilan keputusan Trump di antaranya, politik domestik yang terkait dengan ancaman keamanan utama AS, yakni terorisme, peningkatan serangan terorisme era Obama dan Islamofobia, kebijakan imigrasi AS pra Donald Trump, pandangan Islamofobia pemerintahan Trump, persepsi buruk terhadap imigran; tentang kapabilitas ekonomi dan militer, seperti rendahnya kerja sama bilateral perdagangan antara AS dan negara dalam daftar PP 9645, kerugian ekonomi AS akibat terorisme sejak 9/11, peningkatan anggaran pertahanan kontraterorisme non militer; dan tentang konteks internasional mengenai isu migrasi global dan kekacauan di negara dalam daftar PP 9645, peningkatan populisme di Eropa, dan peningkatan serangan terorisme global tahun 2014-2017. Kata Kunci : Donald Trump, Presidential Proclamation 9645, terorisme, imigran muslim This thesis aims to explain reasons why Donald Trump implemented Presidential Proclamation 9645 (PP 9645). This immigration policy is a controversial issue in the global politics. It seems to prohibit immigrants from few Muslim countries to enter the U.S in deterring terrorists come into the country. The thesis uses decision making theory by William D. Coplin and terrorism concept. Coplin has categorized decision making process depends on three things, which are: Domestic politic, Capabilities of economy and military, International context. Terrorism concept is aimed to explain the background of terrorism threats in the U.S. It uses qualititave research method with primary data sources (interview with experts of the U.S. foreign policy) and secondary data sources (books, journals, websites). This thesis finds some reasons behind Trump’s decision, those are: domestic politic which includes the U.S. main security concern about terrorism, increase on terrorism and Islamophobia, the U.S. immigration policies pre-Trump’s administration, the view of Islamophobia in Trump’s administration, negative perception toward immigrants; capabilities of economy and military which consists of the lack of bilateral trade partnerships between the U.S. and the countries on the list of PP 9645, economic impact of terrorism since 9/11, the increase of U.S. non-military defense budget to counterterrorism; International context about migration global issue and chaos sphere of countries on the list of PP 9645, populism in Europe, and an increase in terrorism attacks in period of 2014-2017. Keyword : Donald Trump, Presidential Proclamation 9645, terrorism, Muslim immigrant

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