ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PERANAN HUKUM DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN YAPEN

SEMBAI, EBZON Y. (2026) ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PERANAN HUKUM DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN YAPEN. S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Pembangunan ekonomi sebagai salah satu tujuan negara tidak dapat dilepaskan dari peranan hukum sebagai instrumen pengatur, pengarah, dan penjamin kesejahteraan masyarakat. Dalam konteks Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, pembangunan ekonomi memerlukan kerangka hukum yang menjamin kepastian, keadilan, dan ketertiban sesuai prinsip negara hukum sebagaimana Pasal 1 ayat (3) UUD 1945. Penelitian ini mengkaji peranan hukum dalam menunjang pembangunan ekonomi masyarakat serta kendala yang dihadapi pemerintah daerah dalam mengimplementasikan peranan tersebut. Analisis didasarkan pada teori hukum sebagai sarana rekayasa sosial (Roscoe Pound dan Mochtar Kusumaatmadja) dan teori pembangunan ekonomi W.W. Rostow yang menempatkan hukum sebagai pendorong transformasi sosial dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Sumber data meliputi bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan serta didukung doktrin hukum, teori akademik, dan hasil penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum berperan strategis dalam pembangunan ekonomi masyarakat Kabupaten Kepulauan Yapen, khususnya sebagai sarana rekayasa sosial, instrumen kebijakan publik, dan penjamin legitimasi pembangunan. Kerangka hukum yang jelas mampu mengarahkan pembangunan ekonomi secara konstitusional, berkeadilan, dan berkelanjutan. Namun, penelitian ini juga menemukan kendala berupa lemahnya kapasitas kelembagaan pemerintah daerah, ketidaksinkronan regulasi pusat dan daerah, rendahnya kepatuhan hukum, serta belum optimalnya peraturan daerah dalam mendorong sektor ekonomi strategis. Oleh karena itu, penelitian merekomendasikan penguatan regulasi daerah, peningkatan kualitas sumber daya aparatur, sinkronisasi kebijakan hukum pusat dan daerah, serta perluasan partisipasi publik agar hukum benar-benar berfungsi sebagai motor pembangunan ekonomi masyarakat Kepulauan Yapen. / Economic development as one of the objectives of the state cannot be separated from the role of law as an instrument for regulation, guidance, and the guarantee of public welfare. In the context of the Yapen Islands Regency, economic development requires a legal framework that ensures legal certainty, justice, and order in accordance with the principle of the rule of law as stipulated in Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This research examines the role of law in supporting community economic development and the obstacles faced by local governments in implementing such a role. The analysis is based on the theory of law as a tool of social engineering (Roscoe Pound and Mochtar Kusumaatmadja) and W.W. Rostow’s theory of economic development, which positions law as a driving force for social and economic transformation. This research employs a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The data sources consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials obtained through library research. The analysis is conducted descriptively and qualitatively by examining relevant laws and regulations, supported by legal doctrines, academic theories, and previous research findings. The results of the study indicate that law plays a strategic role in the economic development of the community in the Yapen Islands Regency, particularly as a means of social engineering, an instrument of public policy, and a guarantor of development legitimacy. A clear legal framework is able to direct economic development in a constitutional, just, and sustainable manner. However, this study also identifies several obstacles, including weak institutional capacity of local governments, lack of synchronization between central and regional regulations, low levels of legal compliance, and the suboptimal role of regional regulations in promoting strategic economic sectors. Therefore, this research recommends strengthening regional regulations, improving the quality of government human resources, harmonizing central and regional legal policies, and expanding public participation so that law can truly function as a driving force for the economic development of the Yapen Islands communit

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