TINJAUAN YURIDIS DWIFUNGSI TNI DALAM JABATAN SIPIL DI ERA REFORMASI BERDASARKAN ASAS-ASAS UMUM PEMERINTAHAN YANG BAIK

Tumanggor, Samuel William (2026) TINJAUAN YURIDIS DWIFUNGSI TNI DALAM JABATAN SIPIL DI ERA REFORMASI BERDASARKAN ASAS-ASAS UMUM PEMERINTAHAN YANG BAIK. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pengesahan Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2025 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2004 tentang Tentara Nasional Indonesia yang memperluas pos jabatan sipil bagi prajurit aktif. Kebijakan, ini memicu kekhawatiran masyarakat akan kembalinya doktrin Dwifungsi ABRI yang represif seperti pada era Orde Baru. Permasalahan yang diangkat adalah bagaimana pengaturan hukum Dwifungsi TNI menurut Hukum Indonesia dan bagaimana tinjauannya Dwifungsi TNI berdasarkan Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan Yang Baik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konsep, pendekatan Sejarah dan pendekatan Kasus. Data penelitian bersumber dari bahan hukum primer berupa Undang-Undang TNI terbaru dan Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan, serta bahan hukum sekunder dan tersier yang dikumpulkan melalui studi Pustaka. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah teori kemanfaatan hukum dan teori kepastian hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perluasan jabatan sipil bagi TNI aktif dalam UU No. 3 Tahun 2025 menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum dan bertentangan dengan semangat reformasi yang menuntut supremasi sipil. Berdasarkan tinjauan AAUPB, kebijakan ini berpotensi melanggar asas kecermatan, ketidakberpihakan, dan kepentingan umum karena adanya risiko benturan kepentingan serta pengaburan batas profesionalisme militer dan administrasi sipil. Sehingga perlunya pembatasan ketat terhadap peran TNI agar tetap fokus pada fungsi pertahanan. / This research is motivated by the enactment of Law Number 3 of 2025 concerning the Amendment to Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), which expands the availability of civil service positions for active-duty soldiers. This policy has sparked public concern regarding the potential return of the repressive "Dwifungsi ABRI" doctrine characteristic of the New Order era. The problems addressed in this study are the legal regulation of the TNI's Dual Function under Indonesian law and a review of the TNI's Dual Function based on the General Principles of Good Governance (AAUPB). The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, conceptual approach, historical approach, and case approach. The research data is sourced from primary legal materials, namely the latest TNI Law and the Government Administration Law, as well as secondary and tertiary legal materials collected through literature study. The theories utilized in this research are the Theory of Legal Utility and the Theory of Legal Certainty. The results of the study indicate that the expansion of civil service positions for active-duty TNI personnel in Law No. 3 of 2025 creates legal uncertainty and contradicts the spirit of Reformation, which demands civilian supremacy. Based on the review of the General Principles of Good Governance (AAUPB), this policy has the potential to violate the principles of precision, impartiality, and public interest due to the risk of conflicts of interest and the blurring of boundaries between military professionalism and civil administration. Therefore, strict limitations on the role of the TNI are necessary to ensure the military remains focused on the function of national defense.

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