Analisis Kemampuan Kognitif LOTS (Lower Order Thinking Skills) Hasil Eksplorasi Keanekaragaman Tanaman di Kebun Sekolah SMA Negeri 51 Jakarta

Simanjuntak, Tesalonika (2025) Analisis Kemampuan Kognitif LOTS (Lower Order Thinking Skills) Hasil Eksplorasi Keanekaragaman Tanaman di Kebun Sekolah SMA Negeri 51 Jakarta. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan kognitif tingkat rendah atau LOTS (Lower Order Thinking Skills) siswa kelas X di SMA Negeri 51 Jakarta melalui eksplorasi keanekaragaman tanaman di kebun sekolah. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasari oleh kurangnya pemanfaatan lingkungan sekolah sebagai sumber belajar dan terbatasnya model pembelajaran yang melibatkan aktivitas eksploratif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-eksperimental pretest-posttest dengan kelompok kontrol yang tidak setara. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari dua kelas, yaitu kelas eksperimen yang mendapatkan perlakuan berupa eksplorasi lingkungan dan kelas kontrol yang menerapkan metode pembelajaran konvensional. Data dikumpulkan melalui instrumen tes kognitif yang mencakup tiga indikator LOTS, yaitu mengingat (C1), memahami (C2), dan mengaplikasikan (C3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam hasil belajar siswa di kelas eksperimen setelah menerapkan metode eksplorasi, jika dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol. Hal ini dibuktikan melalui uji N-Gain dan uji t-independen yang menunjukkan perbedaan rata-rata skor posttest yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa eksplorasi lingkungan sekolah, khususnya kebun sekolah, efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif LOTS siswa pada materi keanekaragaman hayati. Kata Kunci: Eksplorasi lingkungan, LOTS, keanekaragaman hayati, kemampuan kognitif. / This study aimed to analyze the lower order thinking skills (LOTS) of class X students at SMA Negeri 51 Jakarta through the exploration of plant diversity in the school garden. The background of this research was based on the lack of utilization of the school environment as a source of learning and the limited learning models that involved exploratory activities. The method used in this study was quantitative, employing a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with unequal control groups. The research sample consisted of two classes: the experimental class, which received treatment in the form of environmental exploration, and the control class, which applied conventional learning methods. Data were collected through cognitive test instruments that included three LOTS indicators: remembering (C1), understanding (C2), and applying (C3). The results showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes in the experimental class after applying the exploration method, compared to the control class. This was evidenced by the N-Gain test and the independent t-test, which showed a significant difference in the average post-test scores between the two groups. The conclusion of this study was that the exploration of the school environment, especially the school garden, was effective in improving students' LOTS cognitive abilities in biodiversity material. Keywords: Environmental exploration, LOTS, biodiversity, cognitive abilitie.

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