Faktor Resiko Kejadian Dermatitis di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Kupang Periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020

Jawa, Yulia Esmeralda Tai (2022) Faktor Resiko Kejadian Dermatitis di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Kupang Periode Januari 2018- Desember 2020. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penyakit kulit ialah penyakit yang tak jarang dikeluhkan oleh masyarakat maupun narapidana yang berada di lembaga pemasyarakatan.Kurangnya kesadaran akan kebersihan kulit, pakaian, handuk, tempat tidur dan sprei,sanitasi lingkungan menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna dengan keluhan penyakit kulit . Lembaga Pemasyarakatan yang merupakan tempat untuk melaksanakan pembinaan narapidana dan anak didik pemasyarakatan di Indonesia dianggap memiliki kondisi dengan sarana, prasarana, lingkungan dan sanitasi yang kurang memadai.Penelitian ini merupakan studi epidemiologi deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yaitu data rekam medis serta data primer yang didapatkan dari pasien yang mengisi kuesioner di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Kupang periode 2018-2020 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 31 (25,8%) dari 120 responden memiliki anggota keluarga yang menderita dermatitis.Sebanyak 36 responden (30%) berusia ≤ 40 tahun dan 84 responden (70%) berusia >40 tahun. Sebanyak 62 responden (51,7%) memiliki riwayat alergi.Sebanyak 91 responden (75,8%) memiliki personal hygiene yang baik. Sebanyak 39 responden (32,5%) memiliki gaya hidup yang baik.Sebanyak 120 responden (100%) memiliki kebersihan lingkungan yang baik.Sebanyak 62 responden (51,7%) mengalami keluhan kulit akibat bahan iritan. sebanyak 64 responden (53,3%) mengalami keluhan kulit akibat bahan alergen.sebanyak 14 responden (11,7%) mengalami dermatitis setelah lama kontak 1 kali perminggu dan sebanyak 65 responden (54,2%) mengalami dermatitis setelah lama kontak 2 kali perminggu serta sebanyak 41 responden (34,2%) mengalami dermatitis setelah lama kontak >2 kali perminggu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang menjadi faktor resiko tinggi dari dermatitis di Lembaga pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Kupang antara lain usia,riwayat alergi,riwayat konsumsi alkohol,bahan iritan (deterjen & sabun), bahan alergen, dan lama kontak, serta didapatkan tipe dermatitis yang paling banyak diderita oleh responden adalah dermatitis kontak iritan dan dermatitis kontak alergi./ Dermatology disease is a disease that is often complained of by the public and inmates who are in correctional institutions. Lack of awareness of skin hygiene, clothes, towels, beds and bed linen, environmental sanitation shows a significant relationship with complaints of skin diseases. Penitentiary which is a place to carry out guidance for prisoners and correctional students in Indonesia is considered to have conditions with inadequate facilities, infrastructure, environment and sanitation. This research is a descriptive epidemiological study using a cross sectional approach. This study uses secondary data, namely medical record data and primary data obtained from patients who filled out questionnaires at the Kupang Class IIA Penitentiary for the 2018-2020 period. The results showed that 31 (25.8%) of the 120 respondents had family members who suffered from dermatitis. .A total of 36 respondents (30%) aged 40 years and 84 respondents (70%) aged > 40 years. A total of 62 respondents (51.7%) had a history of allergies. A total of 91 respondents (75.8%) had good personal hygiene. A total of 39 respondents (32.5%) have a good lifestyle. A total of 120 respondents (100%) have good environmental hygiene. A total of 62 respondents (51.7%) experienced skin complaints due to irritants. as many as 64 respondents (53.3%) experienced skin complaints due to allergens. 14 respondents (11.7%) experienced dermatitis after prolonged contact 1 time per week and 65 respondents (54.2%) experienced dermatitis after prolonged contact 2 times. per week and as many as 41 respondents (34.2%) experienced dermatitis after prolonged contact >2 times per week. Based on the research results, the high risk factors for dermatitis in the Class IIA Kupang Penitentiary include age, history of allergies, history of alcohol consumption, irritants (detergents & soaps), allergens, and duration of contact, by respondents are irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis.

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