Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Baru di Era Pandemi COVID-19 di Puskesmas Wilayah Bantar Gebang Periode Maret 2020 - Desember 2021

Millenia, Suryani Putri (2022) Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Baru di Era Pandemi COVID-19 di Puskesmas Wilayah Bantar Gebang Periode Maret 2020 - Desember 2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, tercatat di WHO sebanyak 10 juta pasien Tuberkulosis di dunia dan 1,2 juta orang setiap tahunnya meninggal. Menurut Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Indonesia menempati urutan ke-3 setelah India dan China sebagai negara terbanyak kasus Tuberkulosis. Penyakit Tuberkulosis dapat dideteksi dengan hasil pemeriksaan dahak pasien dan dapat disembuhkan dengan diterapkannya kepatuhan dalam pengobatan selama 6 bulan, sehingga tidak adanya resistensi bakteri dalam tubuh penderita. Kepatuhan pengobatan TB sangat mempengaruhi tingkat kesembuhan penderita, tetapi lamanya waktu pengobatan dapat menimbulkan rasa kebosanan pasien dalam meminum obat sehingga dapat mengurangi keberhasilan dalam pengobatan pasien. Saat masa pandemi COVID-19, himbauan pemerintah untuk tidak keluar rumah membuat semakin banyak pasien Tuberkulosis tidak mendatangi Pelayanan Kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kepatuhan dan keberhasilan pengobatan pada pasien Tuberkulosis Paru di era pandemic COVID-19 di Puskesmas Wilayah Bantargebang, dengan menggunakan penelitian deskriptif. Pengambilan data melalui rekam medis pasien Tuberkulosis Paru baru pada periode Maret 2020-Desember 2021, dan terdapat 65 pasien tuberkulosis paru. Kepatuhan pasien pada tahap awal pengambilan obat yang terbanyak adalah 4 kali (41,5%) atau 27/65 pasien, dan pada tahap lanjutan pengambilan obat yang terbanyak adalah lebih dari 4 kali (56,9%) atau 37/65 pasien. Kepatuhan pasien mengambil obat tahap awal dan lanjutan yang terbanyak adalah lebih dari 8 kali (58,5%) atau 38/65 pasien. Angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB 92,3% atau 60/65 pasien dengan hasil Fisher’s Exact adalah p < 0,05./ Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, recorded at WHO as many as 10 million tuberculosis patients in the world and 1.2 million people die every year. According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia ranks 3rd after India and China as the country with the most tuberculosis cases. Tuberculosis disease can be detected by examination of the patient's sputum and can be cured by applying adherence to treatment for 6 months, so that there is no bacterial resistance in the patient's body. TB treatment adherence greatly affects the patient's recovery rate, but the length of time for treatment can lead to a sense of boredom in the patient taking medication so that it can reduce the success of the patient's treatment. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the government's appeal not to leave the house made more and more Tuberculosis patients not come to Health Services. This study was made to determine the adherence and success of treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic at the Bantargebang Regional Health Center, using descriptive research. Data retrieval through medical records of new pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the period March 2020-December 2021, and there were 65 pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Patient adherence at the initial stage of taking the most drugs was 4 times (41.5%) or 27/65 patients, and at the advanced stage of taking the most drugs it was more than 4 times (56.9%) or 37/65 patients. The highest adherence of patients to taking early and advanced drugs was more than 8 times (58.5%) or 38/65 patients. The success rate for TB treatment was 92.3% or 60/65 patients with Fisher's Exact results were p < 0.05.

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