Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Hiperhidrosis pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia Angkatan 2018

Tambunan, Ritma Indiasmarani (2022) Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Hiperhidrosis pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia Angkatan 2018. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Hiperhidrosis adalah jumlah keringat yang melebihi dari kebutuhan fisiologis untuk termoregulasi, dimana sering mengakibatkan penurunan nilai sosial, emosional, dan pekerjaan. Berdasarkan dari hal yang memicu, hiperhidrosis dapat terbagi menjadi 3, yaitu: hiperhidrosis primer, sekunder, dan gustatorik. Penyebab hiperhidrosis primer diduga karena aktivitas berlebihan dari sistem saraf otonom. Hiperhidrosis sekunder dapat disebabkan oleh kondisi patologis ataupun fisiologis, seperti penyakit sistemik, konsumsi obat-obatan, dan infeksi.Sedangkan seseorang dikatakan hiperhidrosis gustatorik bila mengalami keringat yang sangat banyak sampai ke ekstremitas sesaat setelah mengkonsumsi makanan pedas, sup panas, saus tomat, cokelat, kopi. Faktor-faktor yang dapat memicu hiperhidrosis selain makanan antara lain rasa cemas, stres, dan rasa takut. Prevalensi hiperhidrosis primer di seluruh dunia mencapai 0.6-1%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan faktor risiko hiperhidrosis. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dan menggunakan kuesioner sebagai instrumennya. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode total sampling, dimana populasinya adalah seluruh Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran UKI angkatan 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi secara keseluruhan baik laki-laki maupun perempuan yang mengalami hiperhidrosis ada sebanyak 31 orang (19.87%). Dari 31 orang tersebut mahasiswa laki-laki yang mengalami hiperhidrosis sebanyak 13 orang (42%) dan terdapat 18 orang (58%) mahasiswa berjenis kelamin wanita yang mengalami hiperhidrosis. Jenis hiperhidrosis yang paling banyak dialami adalah hiperhidrosis primer fokal, yaitu terdapat 17 orang (55%), diikuti dengan hiperhidrosis primer general sebanyak 10 orang (32%), kemudian 4 orang (13%) hiperhidrosis gustatorik, dan tidak ada yang mengalami hiperhidrosis sekunder. Faktor risiko yang mendominasi adalah riwayat keluarga yaitu sebanyak 20 mahasiswa (31%), kemudian diikuti dengan makanan sebanyak 18 orang (28%), dan minuman sebanyak 6 orang (10%). Kata kunci: Hiperhidrosis, Faktor Risiko Hiperhidrosis, Prevalensi Hiperhidrosis./ Hyperhidrosis is the amount of sweat that exceeds the physiological need for thermoregulation, which often results in decreased social, emotional, and work values. Based on the trigger, hyperhidrosis can be divided into 3, namely: primary, secondary, and gustatory hyperhidrosis. The cause of primary hyperhidrosis is thought to be due to overactivity of the autonomic nervous system. Secondary hyperhidrosis can be caused by pathological or physiological conditions, such as systemic disease, drug consumption, and infection. Meanwhile, a person is said to have gustatory hyperhidrosis if he experiences profuse sweating to the extremities shortly after consuming spicy food, hot soup, tomato sauce, chocolate, and coffee. Factors that can trigger hyperhidrosis other than food include anxiety, stress, and fear. The prevalence of primary hyperhidrosis worldwide reaches 0.6-1%. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hyperhidrosis. This research is a descriptive study and using questionnaire as an instrument. The sample in this study used the total sampling method, where the population was all 2018 UKI Faculty of Medicine students. The results showed the overall prevalence of both men and women who had hyperhidrosis was 31 people (19.87%). Of the 31 male students who experienced hyperhidrosis as many as 13 people (42%) and there were 18 people (58%) female students who experienced hyperhidrosis. The most common type of hyperhidrosis experienced was focal primary hyperhidrosis, which was 17 people (55%), followed by general primary hyperhidrosis as many as 10 people (32%), then 4 people (13%) had gustatory hyperhidrosis, and none had secondary hyperhidrosis. The most risk factor causing hyperhidrosis is family history, which is 20 students (31%), followed by food, amounting to 18 people (28%), and drinks totaling 6 people (10%). Keywords: Hyperhidrosis, Hyperhidrosis Risk Factors, Hyperhidrosis Prevalence

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