Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio Terhadap Profitabilitas Di Era Suku Bunga Tinggi (Studi Kasus PT Bank Artha Graha International)

Hasibuan, Flora (2025) Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio Terhadap Profitabilitas Di Era Suku Bunga Tinggi (Studi Kasus PT Bank Artha Graha International). S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) dan Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) terhadap profitabilitas bank yang diukur melalui Return on Assets (ROA), khususnya dalam kondisi ekonomi yang ditandai dengan suku bunga tinggi. Studi ini dilakukan pada PT Bank Artha Graha International dengan menggunakan data triwulanan periode 2019–2024, saat suku bunga acuan Bank Indonesia berada pada kisaran 3.5% hingga 6%. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain asosiatif kausal dan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CAR memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap ROA dengan nilai signifikansi <0,05 sedangkan LDR tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan secara parsial. Namun secara simultan, CAR dan LDR secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ROA, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai F hitung > F tabel dan nilai signifikansi < 0,05. Koefisien determinasi (Adjusted R²) sebesar 68,4% mengindikasikan bahwa variasi ROA dapat dijelaskan oleh kedua variabel tersebut. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam kondisi tekanan moneter yang tinggi, kekuatan permodalan menjadi faktor utama dalam menjaga profitabilitas bank, sementara efisiensi penyaluran kredit belum memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi penting bagi manajemen bank untuk fokus pada penguatan struktur modal serta kehati-hatian dalam strategi pembiayaan di era suku bunga tinggi. Kata kunci : Capital Adequacy Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Return on Assets, Profitabilitas, Suku Bunga Tinggi / This study aims to examine the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) on bank profitability, as measured by Return on Assets (ROA), within the context of a high interest rate environment. The research was conducted on PT Bank Artha Graha Internasional using quarterly data from 2019 to 2024, a period when Bank Indonesia’s benchmark interest rate ranged from 3.5% to 6%. A quantitative approach with a causal-associative research design was employed, utilizing multiple linear regression analysis. The findings indicate that CAR has a positive and significant influence on ROA, as evidenced by a p-value below 0.05. Conversely, LDR does not have a significant partial effect. However, both CAR and LDR jointly exert a significant effect on ROA, as shown by an F-statistic greater than the F-table value and a significance level below 0.05. The adjusted coefficient of determination (Adjusted R²) is 68.4%, meaning that CAR and LDR together explain 68.4% of the variation in ROA. These results suggest that, under tight monetary conditions, capital strength (CAR) plays a critical role in maintaining profitability, whereas the efficiency of credit distribution (LDR) has yet to show a meaningful contribution to earnings. This study provides valuable insights for bank management to prioritize capital reinforcement and prudent credit strategies during periods of high interest rates. Keywords : Capital Adequacy Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Return on Assets, Profitability, High Interest Rate Era.

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