Pernikahan Anak: Upaya UNICEF Dalam The Global Programme to End Child Marriage di Republik Niger Tahun 2016-2019

Raharjo, Lintang Wahyu Charisa (2025) Pernikahan Anak: Upaya UNICEF Dalam The Global Programme to End Child Marriage di Republik Niger Tahun 2016-2019. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Pernikahan anak merupakan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang berdampak pada pendidikan, kesehatan reproduksi, dan meningkatkan risiko kekerasan berbasis gender. Republik Niger, sebagai negara dengan prevalensi pernikahan anak tertinggi, menjadi fokus program ini untuk menekan angka pernikahan anak. Penelitian ini membahas upaya UNICEF dalam mengatasi pernikahan anak di Republik Niger melalui the Global Programme to End Child Marriage (GPECM) pada 2016-2019. Skripsi ini akan menganalisis peranan UNICEF melalui program GPECM dalam menurunkan prevalensi pernikahan anak di Republik Niger dengan koordinasi berbagai aktor internasional dan lokal dalam merancang kebijakan, pelatihan, serta strategi berbasis data untuk menanggulangi pernikahan anak melalui pendekatan multilateral. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep peranan Inter-governmental Organization (IGO) dari P.A. Abarro dan konsep organisasi internasional dari Clive Archer. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan data primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UNICEF, melalui kerja sama multilateral dengan UNFPA, Pemerintah Republik Niger, dan LSM, serta dukungan pendanaan USD 94,5 juta, berhasil menurunkan prevalensi pernikahan anak dari 76,8% pada 2016 menjadi 76% pada 2019. Selain itu, program ini menciptakan perubahan norma sosial yang mendukung hak pendidikan anak perempuan dan membuktikan efektivitas kolaborasi internasional dalam membangun sistem perlindungan anak yang berkelanjutan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kolaborasi antara aktor non-negara dan negara mampu menjadi strategi efektif dalam merespons tantangan sosial yang kompleks, serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk memperkuat kerja sama antar aktor negara dan non-negara dalam mengatasi isu perlindungan anak di masa depan. / Child marriage is a violation of human rights that impacts education, reproductive health, and increases the risk of gender-based violence. The Republic of Niger, as the country with the highest prevalence of child marriage, is the focus of this program to reduce the rate of child marriage. This study discusses UNICEF's efforts to address child marriage in the Republic of Niger through the Global Programme to End Child Marriage (GPECM) from 2016 to 2019. This thesis will analyze UNICEF's role through the GPECM program in reducing the prevalence of child marriage in the Republic of Niger by coordinating various international and local actors in designing policies, training, and data-based strategies to combat child marriage through a multilateral approach. This study uses the concept of the role of Inter-governmental Organizations (IGOs) from P.A. Abarro and the idea of international organizations from Clive Archer. The research employs a qualitative method using primary and secondary data. The findings indicate that UNICEF, through multilateral cooperation with UNFPA, the Government of the Republic of Niger, and NGOs, along with USD 94.5 million in funding support, successfully reduced the prevalence of child marriage from 76.8% in 2016 to 76% in 2019. Additionally, the program created social norm changes that support girls' right to education and demonstrated the effectiveness of international collaboration in building a sustainable child protection system. These findings show that collaboration between non-state and state actors can be an effective strategy in responding to complex social challenges, and provide recommendations for strengthening cooperation between state and non-state actors in addressing child protection issues in the future.

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