Asas Kepastian Hukum atas Kekosongan Direktur Perseroan Terbatas sebagai Akibat Habisnya Masa Jabatan

Panjaitan, Deny (2024) Asas Kepastian Hukum atas Kekosongan Direktur Perseroan Terbatas sebagai Akibat Habisnya Masa Jabatan. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Direksi, Dewan Komisaris dan Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS) adalah organ perseroan terbatas menurut ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan perseroan terbatas, khususnya UU No. 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas. Direksi adalah organ perseroan yang bertugas dan berwenang untuk mewakili Perseroan bertindak di dalam maupun di luar Pengadilan. Tugas dan kewenanagnnya lebih lanjut diatur dalam Undang Undang maupun Anggaran Dasar Perseroan Terbatas tersebut. Undang Undang juga telah menentukan masa jabatan Direksi Perseroan Terbatas, selain ditetapkan dalam Anggaran Dasar Perseroan Terbatas yang bersangkutan, termasuk mengatur tata cara pengangkatan Direksi yang baru dan/atau pengangkatan kembali Direksi yang telah berakhir masa jabatannya melalui mekanisme Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS). Permasalahan yang sering ditemukan dalam kegiatan perseroan, adalah adanya Direksi Perseroan yang telah berakhir masa jabatannya, namun belum diangkat yang baru sesuai ketentuan undang-undang, yaitu melalui Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham (RUPS). Dalam keadaan seperti akan menimbulkan berbagai persoalan hukum dalam kaitannya dengan kelangsungan usaha dan operasional perseroan. Bagaimanakah akibat hukum dari tindakan dan perbuatan Direksi yang telah berakhir masa jabatannya, namun belum diangkat yang baru sesuai undang-undang dan/atau Anggaran Dasar Perseroan. Apakah undang-undang mengatur terhadap konsekwensi hukum dari keadaan tersebut?. Dalam rangka perolehan data untuk kepentingan penulisan skripsi ini, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian yang bersifat juridis normative yaitu penelitian yang ditujukan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan berkaitan dengan norma-norma dan asas-asas hukumnya. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi literature atau studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data yang bersifat kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh fakta bahwa tindakan dan perbuatan seorang Direksi yang mengatas namakan Perseroan Terbatas sementara masa jabatannya telah berakhir dan belum diangkat kembali, maka segala tindakan dan perbuatan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Direksi yang bersangkutan adalah tidak sah dan tidak mengikat perseroan kecuali disetujui seluruh pemegang saham melalui Rapat Umum Pemegang Saham. Undang Undang tidak mengatur bagaimana solusi dari berakhirnya masa jabatan Direksi Perseroan sementara yang bersangkutan belum diangkat kembali sebagai Direksi Perseroan melalui RUPS. Oleh karena itu, demi kepastian hukum, diperlukan aturan yang bersifat constutuendum dalam undang-undang dan/atau dalam Anggaran Dasar Perseroan Terbatas yang bersangkutan. / The Board of Directors, Board of Commissioners and General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) are organs of limited liability companies according to the provisions of limited liability company laws and regulations, in particular Law no. 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. The Board of Directors is a company organ whose duties and authority are to represent the Company acting inside and outside the Court. Its duties and authorities are further regulated in the Law and the Articles of Association of the Limited Liability Company. The Law also determines the term of office of Directors of Limited Liability Companies, apart from being stipulated in the Articles of Association of the Limited Liability Company concerned, including regulating the procedures for appointing new Directors and/or re-appointing Directors whose term of office has ended through the mechanism of the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS). A problem that is often found in company activities is that there are Company Directors whose terms of office have ended, but who have not yet been appointed new ones in accordance with the provisions of the law, namely through the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS). In such circumstances, various legal issues will arise in relation to the continuity of the company's business and operations. What are the legal consequences of the actions and actions of Directors whose terms of office have ended, but who have not yet been appointed new ones in accordance with the law and/or the Company's Articles of Association? Does the law regulate the legal consequences of this situation? In order to obtain data for the purposes of writing this thesis, the author used a normative juridical type of research, namely research aimed at statutory regulations relating to legal norms and principles. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The approach method used is a statutory approach with data collection techniques in the form of literature studies or document studies. The data analysis technique used is qualitative data analysis. From the results of the research carried out, it was found that the actions and actions of a Director acting in the name of a Limited Liability Company while his term of office has ended and has not been reappointed, then all actions and legal acts carried out by the relevant Director are invalid and do not bind the company unless approved by all shareholders through the General Meeting of Shareholders. The Law does not regulate the solution to the end of the term of office of the Company's Directors while the person concerned has not been reappointed as the Company's Director through the GMS. Therefore, for the sake of legal certainty, constitutional regulations are needed in the law and/or in the Articles of Association of the Limited Liability Company concerned.

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