Risk Factors of Stunting in Kedisan, Gianyar District, Bali, Indonesia = Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Stunting di Kedisan, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia

Pradnyawati, Luh Gede and Juwita, Dewa Ayu Putu Ratna and Reviani, Nia (2021) Risk Factors of Stunting in Kedisan, Gianyar District, Bali, Indonesia = Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Stunting di Kedisan, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 9 (3). pp. 266-274. ISSN 2541-092X

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Stunting adalah status gizi yang didasarkan pada indeks PB/U (panjang badan menurut umur) atau TB/U (tinggi badan menurut umur) dimana dalam standar antropometri penilaian status gizi anak. Laporan Pusat kesehatan masyarakat (Puskesmas) Tegallalang I didapatkan kasus stunting terbanyak terdapat di Desa Kedisan dengan jumlah 28 balita menderita stunting berdasarkan data pada tahun 2017. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya stunting di Desa Kedisan, Kecamatan Tegallalang, Gianyar. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis analitik dengan pendekatan case-control. Besar sampel diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling yaitu dengan menggunakan semua kasus balita yang dinyatakan stunting di wilayah Desa Kedisan yaitu 28 kasus dengan perbandingan kasus dan kontrol 1:1. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 56 sampel yang diambil pada Bulan Mei 2017. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: Sebagian besar responden sudah bekerja yaitu 67.80% pada kelompok kasus dan 53.50% pada kelompok kontrol. Dilihat dari tingkat pendidikan terakhir 35.70 responden kelompok kasus berpendidikan sekolah menengah pertama dan 46.40% kelompok kontrol berpendidikan sekolah menengah atas. Hasil analisis bivariat mendapatkan faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian stunting adalah makanan pendamping Air Susu Ibu (ASI) (p=0,03; OR: 4,63), sedangkan faktor risiko lain tidak berhubungan dengan terjadinya stunting. Kesimpulan: Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya stunting di Desa Kedisan adalah pemberian makanan pendamping ASI.Kata Kunci: faktor; stunting; tegallalang; bali. / Background: Stunting is a nutritional status based on measurements of the Length-for-Age or Height-for-Age index of the anthropometric standards assessment of nutritional status of children. The report of the Public Health Center (PHC) of Tegallalang I revealed the largest number of stunting cases in Kedisan Village, with 28 toddlers suffering from stunting based on 2017 data. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the risk factors associated with stunting at Kedisan Village, Tegallalang Sub-district, Gianyar District. Methods: This is an analytic study employing a case-control approach. Sampling was carried out using a total sampling technique; that is, by utilizing all cases of children under five who were declared stunted in the village in question (a total of 28 cases). The case:control ratio used was 1:1; thus, the total sample used in the study was 56 samples from May 2017. Bivariate analysis was conducted using a chi-square test. Results: The majority of respondents were employed (i.e., 67.80% in the case group and 53.50% in the control group); in terms of the most recent level of education, 35.70% of respondents in the case group had a junior high school education, while 46.40% in the control group had a senior high school education. The results of the bivariate analysis found that the risk factor that was most significantly related with the incidence of stunting was complementary foods with breast milk (p = 0.03; OR: 4.63), while other risk factors were not related to the occurrence of stunting. Conclusions: The factor that influenced the occurrence of stunting in Kedisan Village was complementary foods with breast milk. Keywords: factor; stunting; tegallalang; bali

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