Kebijakan Kriminal Tentang Hak Restitusi Terhadap Anak Korban Kekerasan Seksual (Kajian Falsafah Pemidanaan Dalam Penegakan Keadilan Berdasarkan Pancasila)

Dahlia, Cornelia Agatha (2022) Kebijakan Kriminal Tentang Hak Restitusi Terhadap Anak Korban Kekerasan Seksual (Kajian Falsafah Pemidanaan Dalam Penegakan Keadilan Berdasarkan Pancasila). S2 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Kasus kekerasan seksual kepada anak sudah terjadi sejak dahulu jauh sebelum kejahatan ini dikriminalisasi. Anak sebagai korban kekerasan seksual tidak hanya menjadi korban tetapi telah mengalami viktimisasi dan mengalami kerugian secara fisik, moril maupun material (harta benda). Untuk itulah sangat dibutuhkan restitusi. Restitusi adalah pengantian atau pembayaran atas kerugian yang menjadi tanggungjawab pelaku melalui putusan pengadilan. Pemberian restitusi ini didasarkan atas kerugian yang dialami oleh korban ataupun ahli warusnya baik materiil dan atau imateriil. Dalam Pasal 71D ayat (1) UU No.35 Tahun 2014 anak sebagai korban dapat mengajukan permohonan restitusi. Namun pemenuhan restitusi masih didasarkan oleh kemampuan pelaku. Restitusi bagi anak korban kekerasan seksual ini merupakan salah satu bentuk penanganan, perlindungan dan pemulihan bagi korban tetapi pemenuhan hak restitusi terhadap anak korban kekerasan seksual masih belum maksimal dikarenakan beberapa hal diantaranya anak sebagai korban kekerasan seksual belum mengetahui hak yang dapat diperolehnya dan juga pelaku sering kali memilih tidak membayar restitusi. Metodologi yang diterapkan dalam Penelitian Hukum ini adalah kajian metode penelitian yuridis normatif kualitatif. Pancasila sebagai hukum tertinggi terus mendasari pembentukan perundang-undangan demi tercapainya keadilan bagi anak korban kekerasan seksual. Anak korban kekerasan seksual harus mendapatkan hak restitusii sebagai upaya untuk mencapai keadilan berdasarkan Pancasila. Pancasila sebagai dasar moral dan norma dalam kehidupan serta sebagai tolak ukur tentang baik dan buruk serta benar salah dalam sikap, perbuatan dan tingkah laku./ Cases of sexual violence against children have occurred long before this crime was criminalized. Children as victims of sexual violence are not only victims but have been victimized and suffered physical, moral, and material losses (property). Children as victims of sexual violence who have experienced victimization in addition to needing legal protection in the sense of very severe criminal sanctions for perpetrators, also really need treatment and recovery that costs a lot. For this reason, restitution is urgently needed. Restitution is a replacement or payment for any sort of loss which is the responsibility of the perpetrator from a court decision. The granting of this restitution is based on the loss suffered by the victim or their heirs, be it material or immaterial losses. In Law No. 35/2014 Article 71D paragraph (1), Children as victims can apply for restitution. However, the fulfilment of restitution is still based on the ability of the perpetrator. Restitution for child victims of sexual violence is one form of handling, protection, and recovery for victims but the fulfilment of the right to restitution for child’s victims of sexual violence is still not maximized due to several things including children as victims of sexual violence do not know the rights that can be obtained and also perpetrators often choose not to pay restitution. The methodology applied in this Legal Research is the study of qualitative normative juridical research methods. Pancasila as the supreme law continues to underlie the formation of legislation to achieve justice for child victims of sexual violence. Child victims of sexual violence must get the right to restitution to reach justice-based Pancasila. Pancasila is the moral basis and norms in life, as well as the benchmark of good and bad in attitudes, action, and behaviour.

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