Profil Kadar D-Dimer pada Pasien Terkonfirmasi Positif COVID-19 Usia 45 - 70 Tahun di RSU UKI Periode Desember 2020 - September 2021

Irwan, Nafisah Erica Maulidiani (2022) Profil Kadar D-Dimer pada Pasien Terkonfirmasi Positif COVID-19 Usia 45 - 70 Tahun di RSU UKI Periode Desember 2020 - September 2021. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 terbagi menjadi beberapa gejala klinis berdasarkan gejala yang dialami seseorang. Pada COVID-19 gejala klinis berat, D –Dimer akan menjadi lebih tinggi secara signifikan. Peningkatan D-Dimer merupakan temuan paling khas pada pasien COVID-19. Kadar D–Dimer berhubungan dengan tingkat keparahan penyakit dan saat ini pemeriksaan D–Dimer digunakan sebagai biomarker prognostik pada COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar D-Dimer pada pasien COVID-19 usia 45 - 70 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional retrospektif. Jumlah sampel adalah 198 pasien yang diperiksa kadar D-Dimernya serta 127 pasien yang mendapatkan profilaksis antikoagulan. Sampel penilitian yang digunakan adalah seluruh rekam medik pasien yang menderita COVID-19 usia 45 -70 tahun dan sudah melakukan pemeriksaan kadar D-Dimer di RSU UKI pada periode Desember 2020 hingga September 2021. Hasil penelitian diolah menggunakan program komputer SPSS metode Chi-Square Test. Pada 198 pasien yang diperiksa ladar D-Dimernya didapatkan bahwa 145 pasien (73,2%) memiliki kadar D-Dimer normal dan 53 pasien (26,8%) memiliki kadar D-Dimer meningkat. Distribusi wanita sebanyak 100 pasien (50,5%) dan pria sebanyak 98 pasien (49,5%), rentang tertinggi pada usia 54 - 62 tahun dengan 74 pasien (37,4%), gejala klinis sedang dialami oleh 122 pasien (61,6%), dan penyakit penyerta hipertensi menjadi penyakit yang paling banyak dimiliki dengan 64 pasien (32,3%). Ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara kadar D-Dimer dengan penyakit penyerta (p=0,04). Profilaksis antikoagulan diberikan kepada 127 pasien dengan gejala ringan dialami oleh 5 pasien (3,6%), gejala sedang dimiliki oleh 73 pasien (57,5%) dan gejala berat dimiliki oleh 49 pasien (38,6%). Namun, tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna (p=0,66) antara pemberian profilaksis antikoagulan terhadap kadar D-Dimer pada pasien dengan gejala ringan, sedang maupun berat./ COVID-19 is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. COVID-19 is divided into several clinical symptoms based on the symptoms experienced by a person. In severe clinical symptoms of COVID-19, the D-Dimer will be significantly higher. Elevated D-Dimer is the most typical finding in COVID-19 patients. D–Dimer levels correlate with disease severity and currently D–Dimer assays are used as prognostic biomarkers in COVID-19. This study aims to determine the levels of D-Dimer in COVID-19 patients aged 45 - 70 years. This study used a descriptive analytic method with a retrospective cross sectional design. The number of samples was 198 patients who had their D-Dimer levels checked and 127 patients who received anticoagulant prophylaxis. The research sample used was all medical records of patients suffering from COVID-19 aged 45 -70 years and had checked D-Dimer levels at UKI Hospital in the period December 2020 to September 2021. The results of the study were processed using the SPSS computer program with the Chi-Square Test method. In 198 patients who were examined for their D-Dimer levels, it was found that 145 patients (73.2%) had normal D-Dimer levels and 53 patients (26.8%) had elevated D-Dimer levels. Distribution of women as many as 100 patients (50.5%) and men as many as 98 patients (49.5%), the highest range was at the age of 54 - 62 years with 74 patients (37.4%), moderate clinical symptoms experienced by 122 patients (61 ,6%), and hypertension was the most common disease with 64 patients (32.3%). A significant relationship was found between D-Dimer levels and comorbidities (p=0.04). Anticoagulant prophylaxis was given to 127 patients with mild symptoms experienced by 5 patients (3.6%), moderate symptoms by 73 patients (57.5%) and severe symptoms by 49 patients (38.6%). However, there was no significant relationship (p=0.66) between anticoagulant prophylaxis and D-Dimer levels in patients with mild, moderate or severe symptoms.

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