THE PEACEFUL MEANS OF TRI HITA KARANA IN BALINESE CULTURE

Satya, Putu Agung Nara Indra Prima and Lase, Formas Juitan (2018) THE PEACEFUL MEANS OF TRI HITA KARANA IN BALINESE CULTURE. In: Proceeding Book – International Seminar of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies 2018 – Bali Hinduism, Tradition and Interreligious Studies – Universitas Hindu Indonesia – 10th March 2018. UNHI PRESS PENERBIT UNIVERSITAS HINDU INDONESIA, pp. 199-207. ISBN 978 602 52255 0 5

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Abstract

Bali Hindu culture consists of many philosophical branches that originated from teachings on peace. One set of teachings that undisputedly fits this criterion is Tri Hita Karana (tri three, hita happiness, karana causes) as it refers to three causes of happiness in life which involves parahyangan relations between humans and God, pawongan between fellow human beings, and palemahan between humans and nature. These three kinds of relations reflect the cosmology of Bali Hinduism which underlines the relations between the micro-cosmos with the macro-cosmos. In sum, human beings must seek balance between these three relations in their daily life to bring about peace in their lives. This article will try to capture the influence of the Tri Hita Karana philosophy of peace in Balinese culture by analyzing it based on concepts from peace studies and a cultural approach. In particular, concepts from peace studies developed by Johan Galtung aim to portray the fundamental causes of peace in human society such as the structural and cultural forms of violence in addition to the more traditional approach of direct or physical violence. A peace studies approach seeks to present a bigger picture in analyzing conflict by finding the root causes of conflict in a society from the values and beliefs practiced in people’s daily lives. Conflict, thus, can be seen as a consequence of a disruption in people’s values and beliefs. So, any disruption to Tri Hita Karana can be understood as an alarm for preventing conflicts in Bali. Key words: Tri Hita Karana, peace, harmony, Balinese culture, conflic/

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