Strength Training and Pulmonary Function Among Students at Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Batubara, Frisca Ronauli and Kayoi, Zefanya Yosiana and Gultom, Fajar Lamhot and Nurprilinda, Marliana (2026) Strength Training and Pulmonary Function Among Students at Universitas Kristen Indonesia. International Journal of Natural and Health Sciences (IJNHS), 4 (4). pp. 441-450. ISSN 3025-9665

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Abstract

This study examined changes in vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) following strength training among students at Universitas Kristen Indonesia. A quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test study recruited 40 male students aged 17–23 years through purposive sampling. Twenty students performed strength training for 6–8 weeks, while 20 controls did not receive the training programme. Spirometry measured VC and FEV1 before and after the study period. Shapiro–Wilk tests, paired t-tests, and independent samples t-tests assessed the data. Mean VC increased from 3.9500 to 4.2435 L in the training group and decreased from 3.9630 to 3.9460 L in controls. Mean FEV1 increased from 74.20% to 85.25% in the training group and from 77.75% to 77.85% in controls. Within-group improvements in the training group were significant for both outcomes (p < .001), whereas control-group changes were not significant. The source reported significant between-group differences in change scores for both outcomes (p < .001). Strength training was associated with improved pulmonary measurements in this sample. Nonrandom allocation, unequal smoking distributions, and inconsistencies in reported change scores limit causal interpretation

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