Analisa Pengaruh Forming Terhadap Struktur Mikro, Kekerasan, dan Kuat Tarik pada Baja Karbon ASTM A623

Widyantoro, Pontianus Advendra Krisna (2025) Analisa Pengaruh Forming Terhadap Struktur Mikro, Kekerasan, dan Kuat Tarik pada Baja Karbon ASTM A623. S1 thesis, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh jenis material pembentuk baja karbon ASTM A623 terhadap struktur mikro, kekerasan, dan kekuatan tarik material tersebut. Material ini umumnya digunakan sebagai bahan baku untuk bodi kaleng kemasan makanan atau minuman yang melalui proses forming bending dalam pembuatannya. Proses forming pada material dapat menyebabkan perubahan pada struktur mikro, nilai kekerasan, dan kekuatan tariknya. Sampel material dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok berdasarkan jenis perlakuan forming, yaitu material tanpa perlakuan (awal), material yang mengalami perlakuan forming flanging, dan material yang melalui perlakuan forming beading. Sampel diambil sebelum dan sesudah proses forming, kemudian dilakukan pengujian kekerasan menggunakan hardness tester (brinell), pengujian kekuatan tarik dengan alat yang sama dan dikonversi ke nilai tarik, serta analisis struktur mikro menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa setelah mengalami perlakuan forming, terdapat perubahan pada kekerasan, kekuatan tarik, dan fasa ferrite serta pearlite di antara ketiga material yang diuji. Kata kunci : forming, bending, SEM, hardness, kekuatan tarik, ferrite, pearlite / This study discusses the effect of the type of forming material, ASTM A623 carbon steel, on the microstructure, hardness, and tensile strength of the material. This material is commonly used for the body of food or beverage cans, which undergo a forming bending process during manufacturing. The forming process affects changes in the microstructure, hardness, and tensile strength of the material. The material samples are divided into three groups based on the forming process treatment: the initial material (without treatment), material treated with flanging forming, and material treated with beading forming. Samples are taken before and after the forming process, then tested for hardness using a hardness tester (Brinell), tensile strength using the same tester (converted to tensile values), and microstructure analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The test results show that after undergoing forming treatment, there are changes in hardness, tensile strength, and the ferrite and pearlite phases among the three materials tested. Key Words : forming, bending, SEM, hardness, tensile strength, ferrite, pearlite

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